1 / 23

TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANE

TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANE. This is gonna be hard work!!. high. low. Active Transport cell does use energy Protein Pumps Endocytosis Exocytosis. Active transport. Energy is required for carriers to transfer substance uphill against a concentration gradient

jsidney
Download Presentation

TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANE

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. TRANSPORT ACROSS CELL MEMBRANE

  2. This is gonna be hard work!! high low Active Transport cell does use energy • Protein Pumps • Endocytosis • Exocytosis

  3. Active transport • Energy is required for carriers to transfer substance uphill against a concentration gradient Ex: uptake of iodine by thyroid gland cells

  4. TYPES OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT • PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT • SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT

  5. Primary active transport • Energy is required directly to move a substance uphill • Hydrolysis of ATP by the transporter provides the energy for primary active transport • Major primary active transport proteins found in cells are 1 Na+/K+ ATPase 2. Ca2+ ATPase 3. H+ ATPase 4. H+/K+ ATPase

  6. Sodium –potassium pump - Is present in all the cells of the body - Responsible for maintaining the Na+ and K+ concentration difference across the cell membrane - Establishment of negative electrical potential inside the cell

  7. The sodium-potassium pump (a membrane protein) exchanges three Na+ ions for two K+ ions.

  8. Functions of Na+ -K+ pump • CONTROLLING THE CELL VOULUME • ELECTOGENIC ACTIVITY

  9. CALCIUM PUMP

  10. Secondary active transport • In this type, transport of substances are coupled to the primary active transport • Usually secondary transporters utilize sodium Ex: Primary active transport of Na+ by Na+/K+ ATPase, creates sodium conc gradient across plasma membrane which indirectly stores energy for secondary active transport

  11. 2 1 1 4 3

  12. Transport of large molecules • Macromolecules that are too large move in or out of the cell with the help of bubble like vesicles created from cell membrane • Endocytosis • Exocytosis Endocytosis: Very large particles enter the cell The principal forms of endocytosis are pinocytosis and phagocytosis

  13. ENDOCYTOSIS is the case when a molecule causes the cell membrane to bulge inward, forming a vesicle.PHAGOCYTOSISis the type of endocytosis where an entire cell is engulfed.PINOCYTOSISis when the external fluid is engulfed.RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS occurs when the material to be transported binds to certain specific molecules in the membrane.

  14. Exocytosis: Forces material out of cell in bulk • membrane surrounding the material fuses with cell membrane • Cell changes shape – requires energy • EX: Hormones or wastes released from cell

  15. Carriers that move more than one kind of molecules into or out of the cell • If the molecules are moving in the same direction either into or out of the cell, the process is called symport or co-transport

  16. Some active transport carriers move only one kind of molecule – uniport

  17. If the molecules are carried in different direction, the process is known as antiport or counter transport Ex: Na+-K+ ATPase pump

More Related