Chapter 4, Lesson 2 Roanoke and Jamestown

1. Chapter 4, Lesson 2Roanoke and Jamestown ACOS #4a: Identify significant early European settlements. ACOS #5: Describe the early colonization of North America and reasons for settlement in the Northern, Middle, and Southern colonies.

2. Vocabulary Review • Claim - Something declared to belong to someone, especially land • Armada - A fleet of warships • Invasion - The entry of an armed force into another country to conquer it

3. New Vocabulary • Charter - A written agreement giving someone the right to establish a colony. A document giving permission to a group to do something. • Invest - To put money into a business in the hope of earning a profit • Stock - A share or part of a company • Cash crop - A crop that a farmers grows only to sell • Indentured servant - A person who agreed to work for a certain number of years in return for passage to America, food, clothing, and shelter

4. The Lost Colony • England’s rulers wanted a colony in North America. They hoped to find gold and silver, just as the Spanish had in their colonies. • In 1585, about 100 English men settled on Roanoke Island, off the coast of present-day North Carolina. • They could not grow crops in the sandy soil, so most went back to England.

5. The Lost Colony • In 1587, the English tried again to settle Roanoke. • John White was the leader of the colony. • He left the colonists and returned to England for supplies. • When he returned 3 years later, the colonists had disappeared. • It is still a mystery today.

6. Jamestown Colony • The King of England, in 1606, gave a charterto the Virginia Company of London. • A charter is a document giving permission to a person or group to do something.

7. Jamestown Colony • The owners of the company needed to buy supplies so they ask people to invest in their company. • To invest means to put money into something to try to earn more money. • If treasure was found those who invested their money would earn more. • They invested by buying stock. • Stock is a piece of ownership in a company.

8. Jamestown • About 100 men and boys traveled to present day Virginia. • They built forts and called their colony Jamestown after King James I • The land was swampy and the water carried diseases. • Most of the men were gentlemen. They searched for gold instead of farming the land.

9. Jamestown The settlers ran out of food. Almost ½ died of hunger and disease. John Smith took over and ordered people to plant crops. He said “He who does not work, will not eat.” Although they did, most of the colonists still died the following winter , which became known as the “starving time.”

10. Jamestown Succeeds • In 1612, settler John Rolfe learned from local Indians how to plant tobacco. • Jamestown merchants started growing tobacco and sent it to England where they were willing to pay high prices because tobacco was hard to grow in England.

11. Jamestown Succeeds Tobacco was known as a cash crop. A cash crop is a crop that people grow and sell to earn money. Tobacco gave colonists enough money to buy needed supplies and food from England.

12. Jamestown Succeeds • In 1619, the first Africans arrived in Jamestown. • They were probably indentured servants. • An indentured servant was someone who agreed to work for a number of years in exchange for the cost of the trip to North America. • When colonists first arrived they made peace with the Powhatans, a powerful Indian group.

13. Jamestown and the Powhatans • The Powhatans traded and gave food to the Jamestown settlers. • The Powhatans hoped the colonists would help them fight other Indian groups. • The colonists refused, and even demanded that the Powhatans gave them food. • When the Indians refused, the English attacked them. • The Powhatans realized the English were trying to take over their land, and they begin to fight back.

14. Jamestown and the Powhatans The two sides made peace for a while when John Rolfe married Pocahontas, the daughter of a Powhatan leader, in 1614.

15. Who was the real Pocahontas? The Real Pocahontas Video

16. Vocabulary Review • Charter - written agreement giving someone the right to establish a colony. A document giving permission to do something. • Invest - To put money into a business in the hope of earning a profit • Stock - A share or part of a company • Cash crop - A crop that a farmers grows only to sell • Indentured servant - A person who agreed to work for a certain number of years in return for passage to America, food, clothing, and shelter

17. Lesson Summary The Roanoake settlers disappeared mysteriously. In 1607, Jamestown was founded in the colony of Virginia. After John Rolfe began growing tobacco, the Jamestown settlement grew. The Powhatan and the English colonists fought over the land for decades.