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The Articles of Confederation to the Constitutional Convention: A Historical Review

This review explores the transition from the Articles of Confederation to the Constitutional Convention, highlighting key conflicts between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans. It examines the compromises reached, including the Great Compromise and the 3/5 Compromise, which addressed issues of representation and slavery. The piece also discusses the perspectives of Anti-Federalists and Federalists, contrasting their views on a strong federal government and discussing the implications for justice and governance in an extended republic, as articulated by James Madison.

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The Articles of Confederation to the Constitutional Convention: A Historical Review

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  1. Test ReviewClass Average- 85%

  2. Articles of Confederation.. • FAILED. • Not enough power given to the national government • SO.. onto the Constitutional Convention.

  3. Constitutional Convention • Re-write constitution • Dispose of the Articles of Confederation • 55 delegates (representatives)

  4. Virginia Plan • Focused on a federal government (similar to todays) • Included; president, courts, congress(two houses) • Delegates based on states population • Larger states= more representation, smaller states=less • Which type of states do you think this plan appealed to?

  5. Virginia Plan • Larger states  in favor • Smaller states  feared their interests would be ignored

  6. New Jersey Plan • Proposed by the smaller states • Government more closely aligned to Articles of Confederation • Each state would have equal representation • Congress would set taxes and regulate trade

  7. CONFLICT • How would these two plans create conflict among the states? • How do you handle conflict between two of your friends? (or how SHOULD you  )

  8. Great Compromise • Debate the two plans • Congress would have two houses (Senate and House of Representatives) • Each state would have equal representation in Senate • In the House, based on representation

  9. 3/5 Compromise • 550,000 African Americans, mainly in South • South wanted them to be counted in population • Northeners opposed this idea • Compromise- every 5 enslaved persons would count as three free persons (3/5 slave population accounted for)

  10. North vs. South • Page 76, pull out differences between Northern views and Southern views

  11. Anti Federalists • opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and later opposed the ratification of the Constitution of 1787

  12. Federalists • Supporters of federalism, new constitution

  13. Federalism • Form of government in which power is divided between the federal (national) government and the states

  14. Anti-Federalist Views According to the Federal Farmer, what will be the greatest flaw with representation in an extended republic? Why will the administration of justice be a problem in the extended republic according to the Federal Farmer?

  15. Federalist Views • How does Madison define a “pure democracy”? • How does Madison define a republic? • According to Madison, what are the two great points of difference between a “pure democracy” and a republic? • Why are “pure democracies” prone to the problem of faction? • What are the two benefits of “extending the sphere,” according to Madison? • What are the benefits of having a large rather than a small republic, according to Madison?

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