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Reading English: What’s the Task for English Language Learners?

Explore the linguistic challenges faced by ELLs in vocabulary acquisition and learn effective instructional strategies to support their learning. Discusses compound words, idioms, polysemous meanings, and the importance of building funds of knowledge.

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Reading English: What’s the Task for English Language Learners?

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  1. Reading English: What’s the Task for English Language Learners? Elfrieda H. Hiebert University of California, Berkeley (www.textproject.org)

  2. Aims of Today’s Presentation • Vocabulary & English Language Learners •Identifying the Tasks of English vocabulary • Challenges for English Language Learners II. Instruction that Supports English Language Learners

  3. Vocabulary & English Language Learners 3 (from Calfee & Drum, 1981) Anglo-Saxon Common, everyday, down-to-earth words EX: cold, sweat, dirt

  4. Romance 1066 (Norman Conquest)-1399 (Henry IV, a native Anglo-Saxon speaker assumes throne): French is spoken by upper classes; English by lower-classes. French loan words remain. EX: frigid, perspiration, soil Vocabulary & English Language Learners 4 (from Calfee & Drum, 1981) Anglo-Saxon Common, everyday, down-to-earth words EX: cold, sweat, dirt

  5. Romance 1066 (Norman Conquest)-1399 (Henry IV, a native Anglo-Saxon speaker assumes throne): French is spoken by upper classes; English by lower-classes. French loan words remain. EX: frigid, perspiration, soil Vocabulary & English Language Learners 5 (from Calfee & Drum, 1981) Greek/Latin Specialized words used mostly in science EX: thermometer, geography Anglo-Saxon Common, everyday, down-to-earth words EX: cold, sweat, dirt

  6. Vocabulary & English Language Learners 6 Greek/Latin Specialized words used mostly in science EX: thermometer, geography New Words through compounding of word parts: thermosphere, geopolitical (from Calfee & Drum, 1981) Romance 1066 (Norman Conquest)-1399 (Henry IV, a native Anglo-Saxon speaker assumes throne): French is spoken by upper classes; English by lower-classes. French loan words remain. EX: frigid, perspiration, soil New Words through derivations: frigidity, frigidness, refrigerator Anglo-Saxon Common, everyday, down-to-earth words EX: cold, sweat, dirt New Words through compounding: cold-blooded, cold-natured, cold-drink, cold-running

  7. 1. Words of School Tasks (e.g., abbreviation, journal) 7 Greek/Latin origins The Five Vocabularies of School 2. Content-specific words (e.g., chromosomes, geographical representation) Romance origins 3. General Academic words (e.g., similar, process) 4. Literary Words (e.g., rasping, gingerly) Anglo-Saxon origins 5. Core Words (e.g., the, where, both)

  8. What are the linguistic challenges for ELLs--especially with the core vocabulary? • Compound words • Idioms • Polysemous meanings

  9. 9 Compounds & Idioms

  10. 10 High-Frequency Words & Polysemy

  11. II. Instruction That Supports ELLs i. Language-rich talk, including idioms & compound words ii. Support “funds of knowledge”--critical background knowledge needed for comprehending literary and content-area texts

  12. 12 i. Language- rich interaction

  13. 13

  14. 14 Develop funds of knowledge

  15. 15 Reading is where vocabularies and concepts are extended & developed. Comparison of Spoken & Written Language (from Hayes & Ahrens,1988)

  16. Particular Funds of Knowledge are acquired solely through academic presentations (texts, lessons, selected media) • Representational forms of government • Photosynthesis • Many historical events • Atom-splitting

  17. Ways of supporting funds of knowledge: • Building new knowledge on students’ existing knowledge • Supporting students to organizenew knowledge • Sharing new knowledge

  18. i.Building new knowledge on students’ existing knowledge 18

  19. 19 ii. Supporting students to organize new knowledge

  20. 20 iii. Sharing new knowledge

  21. 21

  22. 22

  23. 23 More papers & information at: www.textproject.org www.quickreads.org

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