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1920s – Roaring Twenties

1920s – Roaring Twenties. Unit 8.3. Prohibition. Passed with the 18 th Amendment, but backup with punishment with the Volstead Act What were the reasons behind this “ Noble Experiment ?” Did these reasons work? What are some reasons the politically involving immigrants?

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1920s – Roaring Twenties

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  1. 1920s – Roaring Twenties Unit 8.3

  2. Prohibition • Passed with the 18th Amendment, but backup with punishment with the Volstead Act • What were the reasons behind this “Noble Experiment?” • Did these reasons work? • What are some reasons the politically involving immigrants? • What was the major negative effect?

  3. Some 20s slang to know • Wets • Drys • Bootleggers • Rum-runners • Speakeasies • Bathtub Gin • Hooch

  4. Women in the “New Era” • Women could now vote with the 19th Amendment • Sheppard –Towner Act (1921) aim at women voters (prenatal/child healthcare) • National Woman’s Party led by Alice Paulpushed for the E.R.A. – Equal Rights Amendment(early feminist movement)

  5. Flappers • “Liberated Women,” but how? • Prohibition effects Margaret Sanger and __________ • Aimee McPherson – female preacher • Amelia Earhart

  6. Pink Collar jobs • New jobs in “feminine” fields • Fashion, education, nursing, social work • Most educated married women still stayed at home • What were Boston Marriages?

  7. Any changes in one generation?

  8. The Automobile Impact • From Model T to Model A • Impact on other industries such as steel, glass, oil • Suburbs expanding • Changing of the landscape with roads, gas stations

  9. Airplanes • How did airplanes link our old pioneer spirit with a modern invention? • Charles Lindberg – Spirit of St. Louis • “Rugged Individualism” • Amelia Earhart

  10. Entertainment • Radios – by end of decade almost every family had one • Movies – from silent films to talkies • “The Jazz Singer” starring Al Jolson – 1st talkie • Music / Dancing • Jazz music • Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong • Jitterbug / Charleston dances • “Youth Culture” develops

  11. Sports • Baseball • Babe Ruth • Boxing • Jack Dempsey • Horse Racing • Swimming • Gertrude Ederle • Golf • Bobby Jones

  12. Harlem Renaissance • Rebirth of Black Culture through writing, arts, and music • Langston Hughes • James Weldon Johnson • Zora Neal Hurston

  13. Black Scare • Marcus Garveyand his United Negro Improvement Association organized ideas of black nationalism and a back-to-Africa movement • So what is the “black scare?” • Dubois and Randolph disagreed with movement, but endorse black pride ideas. • Would be a base for other groups in the 1960s. • The Klan opposed such ideas.

  14. Lost Generation • The Lost Generation writers wrote against the materialism and conformity of the 1920s. • F. Scott Fitzgerald – Great Gatsby • Sinclair Lewis – Main Street, Babbit • Was Hemingway one with Farewell to Armssince it was against military conflicts?

  15. Other Writers and Arts • The Fugitives – southern writers who wrote of strong rural traditions (against modernism) • Bruce Barton – The Man Nobody Knows– Jesus was a businessman. Parables are ads, has 12 salesmen • Frank Lloyd Wright – architect stressing functionalism • Georgia O’Keeffe – critical of new technology and urban life as paintings were natural

  16. The Scopes Monkey Trial • John Scopes charged with breaking the law against teaching evolution in Tenn. • Defended by Clarence Darrow (of ACLU). • State lead attorney – William Jennings Bryan • Fined $100 at end, but… • Trial was representative of battle of Urban vs. Rural (1920 – 1st census where urban outnumbered rural). • Was representative of Fundamentalism vs. Modernism

  17. Revivalism • As the battle of Modernism vs. Fundamentalism took place, there some religious happenings. • Billy Sunday • Aimee McPherson

  18. Links • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NLmmqna6t1E – 20s slang • http://marymiley.wordpress.com/ - 1920s interesting • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jez-dtD1CXc – jitterbug • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRveIIe4uAs&feature=related – Charleston • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C77kx4FZyMQ&feature=relmfu - 20s and 50s comparison review

  19. Reflection Questions • In what ways were there conflicts between the modern world and older traditions? • How did women change during the 1920s? • How is consumerism and materialism shown during the 1920s? • How are popular heroes (in entertainment) shown in different aspects of the 1920s? • What was the impact of the automobile and airplane?

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