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HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. UNIT I Periods: 12. PERCEPTIVE IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. - Evolution of human resource management – The importance of the human factor – Objectives of human resource management – Role of human resource manager – Human resource policies

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HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

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  1. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT UNIT I Periods:12

  2. PERCEPTIVE IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - Evolution of human resource management – The importance of the human factor – Objectives of human resource management – Role of human resource manager – Human resource policies – Computer applications in human resource management – Human resource accounting and audit.

  3. Human Resource Management 4Ms Human (living) and non-human (non-living) Human that make use of non-human resources. So people are most important. Right people for right job HR appreciates other resources depreciate

  4. Meaning and DefinitionsHuman Resources 1. Michael J.Jucius has defined human resources as “a whole consisting of inter-related, inter-dependent and interacting physiological, psychological, sociological and ethical components”

  5. 2. From the national point of view, human resources are knowledge, skills, creative abilities, talents and attitudes obtained in the population; whereas from the view- point of the individual enterprises, they represent the total of the inherent abilities, acquired knowledge and skills as exemplified in the talents and aptitude of its employees. -Leon.C.Megginson

  6. 3. Human resources are human capital and are categorised into intellectual capital, social capital and emotional capital. Intellectual capital consists of specialised knowledge, tacit knowledge and skills, cognitive complexity and learning capacity. Social capital is made up of network of relationships, sociability and trustworthiness. Emotional capital consists of self-confidence, ambition and courage, risk-bearing ability and resilience. - Sumantra Ghosal

  7. Human Resource Management 1. “Personnel management is the planning, organising, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the end that individual, organisational and social objectives are accomplished”. -Flippo

  8. 2. HRM is defined as the part of management which is concerned with people at work and with their relationship within an enterprise. Its aim is to bring together and develop into an effective organisation of the men and women who make up an enterprise and having regard for the well-being of the individuals and of working groups, to enable them to make their best contribution to its success. -National Institute of Personnel Management (NIPM)

  9. 3. HRM is concerned with the people dimension in management. Since every organisation is made up of people, acquiring their services, developing their skills, motivating them to higher levels of performance and ensuring that they continue to maintain their commitment to the organisation are essential to achieving organisational objectives. This is true, regardless of the type of organisation – government, business, education, health, recreation or social action. - Decenzo and Robbins

  10. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT • 3 main differences, • HRM emphasizes not just on rule and contract but beyond them • HRM focuses on strategy • It focuses on individualization of employee relations

  11. OBJECTIVES OF HRM • The primary objective - to ensure the availability of right people for right jobs Sub objectives are, • To provide competent and motivated employees to achieve goal • To utilise human resources effectively • To increase employee’s job satisfaction and self actualisation • To develop and maintain QWL • To maintain ethical policies and behaviour • To maintain cordial relations between employees and management • To reconcile individual/group goals with organisational goals

  12. SCOPE OF HRM ACQUISITION HR planning Recruitment Selection Placement CONTROL HR audit, HR accounting HRIS HRM MAINTENANCE Remuneration Motivation Health & safety Social security Industrial relations Performance appraisal DEVELOPMENT Training Career development Internal mobility

  13. NIPM specified the scope of HRM as, • The labour or personnel aspect (man power planning, recruitment, selection, placement, transfer, promotion, T&D, lay-off and retrenchment, remuneration, incentives, productivity) • Welfare aspect (working conditions, amenities – canteen, creches, rest and luch rooms, housing, transport, medical assistance, education, health and safety, recreation facilities) • Industrial relations aspect (union management relations, joint consultaion, collective bargaining, grievance and disciplenary action, settlement of disputs)

  14. FUNCTIONS OF HRM • 1. MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS • 2. OPERATIVE FUNCTIONS

  15. Planning 1. MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS Organising Directing Controlling

  16. Job analysis, HR planning, recruitment, selection, placement, induction, transfer, promotion, separation PA, Trg., Exe Devt., career planning and devt. Procurement OPERATIVE FUNCTIONS Job evaluation, wage and salary Admn., bonus and incentives, payroll Development Motivation, JS,greivance redressal, collective bargaining, Conflict Mgt., emp participation, discipline Compensation Integration Maintenance Health, safety, social security, Welfare schemes, personnel records, research and audit

  17. EVOLUTION OF HRM • Mgt. of people in the orgns.–v.old • Industrial revolutions in 1850s in Europe and USA • Arthashastra – 320 BC. • Beginning of 20th century. With labour welfare in factories since1920s

  18. ERAs • Trade union movement era • Social responsibility era • Scientific management era • Human relations era • Behavioural science era • Systems approach era • Contingency approach era

  19. ENVIRONMENT OF HRM • Affects HR activities • Two types: internal and external environments • INTERNAL ENVIRONEMENT • Unions • Organisational culture and conflict • Professional bodies

  20. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT • Economic • Political : legislature, executive, judiciary • Technological • Demographic

  21. Strategic HRM • A strategic look at HR functions in line with the business functions of an organisation. • 1. analyse the opportunities and threats in the external environement • 2. formulate strategies using SWOT • 3. Implement • 4. evaluate and control activities to ensure the achievement of objectives.

  22. HUMAN RESOURCE POLICIES • Policy is a plan of action • It is a statement of intention committing the management to a general course of action • Expresses the philosophy and principles • Different from principle or objective • Objective : it is the intention of the company to provide a safe plan and a healthy working condition

  23. But policy statement is very specific. • Eg: to institute every practical method for engineering safety into our process and equipment, to provide protective clothing where necessary, to train employees in safe operating procedures. • But not to spell out procedure. The procedure is a method for carrying out a policy.

  24. Policy of hiring people • Policy on terms and conditions of employment • Policy on medical, housing, transport, uniform, allowances, training and development , IR

  25. Formulating policies • 5 sources • Past practice • Practices in rival coys • Attitudes and philosophy of founders and top mgt. • Attitudes and philosophy of MM,LM. • Knowledge and experience gained

  26. Stable, but not rigid. • Reflect the goals and values of the organisation. Not isolated one.

  27. Principles • Policy is a guideline and principle is the truth based on research. Principles guide to formulate policies, programmes, procedures and practices.

  28. HR principles are, • Principle of individual devt. • Principle of scientific selection • Principle of free flow of commn. • Principle of participation 5. Principle of fair remuneration 6. Principle of incentive 7. Principle of dignity of labour 8. Principle of labour mgt cooperation 9. Principle of team spirit 10. Principle of contribution to national prosperity

  29. HR COMPETENCY MODEL • BUSINESS MASTERY • Business acumen • Customer orientation • Knowledge • External relations • PERSONAL CREDIBILITY • Competence • Credentials • Trust • Ethical conduct • courage • HR MASTERY • Staffing • PA • Reward sys • Commn. • Orgn. design • CHANGE MASTERY • IP skills • Problem solving • Reward sys • innovation

  30. Skills of a HR manager • technical, cognitive and interpersonal skills • commn, empathy, tolerance, pleasant, confident, love • Know HR policies, practice • Multi-knowledgeable , • Play strategic role

  31. HRM MODELS • Provide analytical framework • Legitimise HRM practices • Provide characterisation of HRM • Serve as heuristic device

  32. 4 HRM MODELS • Fombrun model • Harvard model • Guest model • Warwick model

  33. 1. Fombrun model • Not considered environmental factors HRD Appraisal OE Selection Reward

  34. Harvard model

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