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CALRES Update Phase 1 Progress Report

CALRES Update Phase 1 Progress Report. April 22, 2009 Bruce Wilcox Phil Niles Ken Nittler. CALRES Update Progress Highlights. We have developed CZM (Conditioned Zone Model), a proof of concept hourly heating and cooling loads model for a single conditioned zone

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CALRES Update Phase 1 Progress Report

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  1. CALRES UpdatePhase 1Progress Report April 22, 2009 Bruce Wilcox Phil Niles Ken Nittler

  2. CALRES UpdateProgress Highlights • We have developed CZM (Conditioned Zone Model), a proof of concept hourly heating and cooling loads model for a single conditioned zone • CZM features improved thermal mass, ventilation, and solar gain algorithms • We have compared CZM with measured hourly data • There is more work needed to integrate CZM into the calculation procedures for the 2011 Standards Wilcox - CalresUp

  3. Agenda • CALPAS1 • UZM Attic Model • CALRES Update Project • Fort Wayne Validation Data • New CZM Model • Compare CZM and DATA • Next Steps Wilcox - CalresUp

  4. CALPAS1History • Developed by Niles to calculate passive solar system performance for the CEC’s California Passive Handbook published in 1980 • Focus was on passive solar heating and massive buildings • Descendents include • CALPAS3, CALRES, CNE, ENERGY10 • Micropas Wilcox - CalresUp

  5. CALPAS1Context • Mainframe computers had very limited calculation capabilities by modern standards and computer resources were a big constraint • Building simulations had to be radically simplified to allow annual calculations: • Micropas reduced year weather files • DOE2 room weighting factors Wilcox - CalresUp

  6. CALPAS1Network Schematic Wilcox - CalresUp

  7. UZM Residential Attic/Duct Model • Developed for the 2008 CEC standards with PIER funding • Project Team: • Bruce Wilcox • Phil Niles • Ken Nittler • Larry Palmiter • Danny Parker • Approach • Detailed first principles algorithms • Separate radiant heat transfer • Variable heat transfer coefficients • All surfaces treated as massive • Calculation intensive (10 time steps/hr) Wilcox - CalresUp

  8. UZM Attic Simulation Model Wilcox - CalresUp

  9. California Data Comparison • One year of measured attic temperature data for Cardinal Glass research house in Roseville • Unoccupied, instrumented, ACM occupancy • Tile roof with high/low ventilation, sealed ducts in attic, ceiling construction defects, all modeled using proposed approach Wilcox - CalresUp

  10. UZM matches attic temperature pattern for week including highest attic temperature of the year Wilcox - CalresUp

  11. Cool Shingle Life Cycle Cost Supports New Requirement in Hottest Climates Based on UZM calculated TDV savings for 0.25 reflectance shingle compared to a 0.08 reflectance shingle in a prescriptive 1761 prototype. First cost premium of 0.25 aged reflectance shingle is $0.35/ft2 Wilcox - CalresUp

  12. CALRES Update Project1st Phase Approach The project team will start with the UZM attic space model developed by this team for the PIER Research for the 2008 Building Standards (contract 500-04-006) produce a proof of concept model with improved conditioned space ventilation and cooling related algorithms. Wilcox - CalresUp

  13. CALRES Update Project1st Phase Objective • demonstrate the algorithmic improvements using a single zone loads simulation Wilcox - CalresUp

  14. CALRES Update Project1st Phase Goals • Accurately model • solar gain impact (through glazing and opaque walls) on cooling energy and peak load • the impact of building shell and interior mass on cooling loads and indoor temperature variation • ventilation interaction with building mass and its impact on cooling energy and peak load Wilcox - CalresUp

  15. CALRES Update Project 1st Phase Deliverables • A proof of concept hourly heating and cooling loads model for a single conditioned zone conventional wood framed slab on grade home • A comparison of 2008 CALRES and the improved model with measured hourly data for relevant homes with air conditioning and cooling ventilation • A brief report documenting the improved algorithms Wilcox - CalresUp

  16. Cardinal Test Homes Fort Wayne Indiana 2003 - Present

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  21. 2.8 ACH50 SLA = 1.4 Wilcox - CalresUp

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  32. FtW Validation DataWhole House Fan Wilcox - CalresUp

  33. FtW Validation DataEconomizer Wilcox - CalresUp

  34. FtW Validation DataNatural Ventilation Wilcox - CalresUp

  35. FtW Validation DataNatural Ventilation Wilcox - CalresUp

  36. Ft Wayne Data Comparison of Vent Cases Wilcox - CalresUp

  37. FtW Validation DataPosition of Doors is Critical Wilcox - CalresUp

  38. FtW Natural VentilationOpen only the 2nd story windows? Wilcox - CalresUp

  39. Ft Wayne DataRoom Air Temperatures Wilcox - CalresUp

  40. Ft Wayne Data Room Air Temperatures Wilcox - CalresUp

  41. Ft Wayne Data Room Air Temperatures Wilcox - CalresUp

  42. Ft Wayne Data Room Air Temperatures Wilcox - CalresUp

  43. New CZMFeatures • All opaque surfaces are calculated separately as mass elements (walls, floors, ceilings, interior walls, furniture) • Separate radiant and convective heat transfer calculation for all surfaces • Convective coefficients depend on • Surface orientation • Surface and air temperature • Room air movement from HVAC or venting • Solar gains on walls are lagged Wilcox - CalresUp

  44. CZM Network Schematic Wilcox - CalresUp

  45. Comparison of CZM and DataFloating Temperature Wilcox - CalresUp

  46. Comparison of CZM and Data Mass, Heating and Cooling Wilcox - CalresUp

  47. Comparison of CZM and Data Whole House Fan Wilcox - CalresUp

  48. Comparison of CZM and Data Economizer Wilcox - CalresUp

  49. Comparison of CZM and DataNatural Vent – 10% open, 8’ Stack Wilcox - CalresUp

  50. Comparison of CZM and DataNatural Vent - 5% open, 2’ Stack Wilcox - CalresUp

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