Bursting of Boilers and Breakage of Shafts

1. Bursting of Boilers and Breakage of Shafts IUMI – Singapore Conference September 2004 John Lillie Managing Director The Salvage Association

2. Early machinery damage Causes of early machinery damage: • Boundaries of 19th Century materials technology. • Increasing pressure in boilers and power in engines. • When the tail shafts broke, vessels sank. • When boilers burst people died, vessels often sank too. • Rudder loss was a frequent cause of vessels foundering. • When was machinery added to hull?

3. Typical Modern Slow Speed Engine

4. Steam Turbine Engine

5. Rapid change in recent times • Larger engines • Cheapest fuel • Drive for efficiency • Reduction of ship’s staff • Reduction of skills

6. Particular Average Losses By Number By Cost

7. PA Numbers by Claim Range

8. Engine Room Casualties – Number Basis

9. Engine Room Casualties – Cost Basis

10. ER Machinery PA Losses By Number & Cost

11. Dismantling a Main Engine

12. Access cut in ship’s side to remove engine parts

13. Temperature comparison between two engine exhaust pipes

14. Remote temperature measurement

15. What can happen when engines breakdown