Interoperability Standards and Next Generation Interconnectivity

1. Interoperability Standards and Next Generation Interconnectivity PankajBatra Chief (Engineering) CERC

2. NEED FOR STANDARDS • Risk that the diverse Smart Grid technologies will become prematurely obsolete. • Risk about security. • Risk of obsolescence due to changing communication protocols. • Non encouragement of competition. • Impediment of future innovation and the realization of promising applications, such as smart appliances that are responsive to price and demand response signals. • Standards enable economies of scale.

3. DISPENSATION IN USA • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been made the National Coordinator in the USA.

4. LEGAL PROVISION • Under the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is assigned the “primary responsibility to coordinate development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of Smart Grid devices and systems…”

5. REPORT BY NIST • A Report has been prepared by NIST entitled “NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 1.0” and is in the public domain.

6. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • There is an urgent need to establish protocols and standards for the Smart Grid. • Deployment of various Smart Grid elements, including smart sensors on distribution lines, smart meters in homes, and widely dispersed sources of renewable energy, is already underway. • Without standards, there is the potential for technologies developed or implemented with sizable public and private investments to become obsolete prematurely or to be implemented without measures necessary to ensure security.

7. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • The EISA specifies that the interoperability framework should be “flexible, uniform, and technology neutral.” • The law also instructs that the framework should accommodate “traditional, centralized generation and distribution resources” while also facilitating incorporation of new, innovative Smart Grid technologies, such as distributed renewable energy resources and energy storage.

8. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • NIST developed a three-phase plan to accelerate the identification of an initial set of standards and to establish a robust framework for the sustaining development of the many additional standards that will be needed and for setting up a conformity testing and certification infrastructure.

9. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • The Report identifies 75 existing standards that are applicable (or likely to be applicable) to the ongoing development of the Smart Grid, • specifies 15 high-priority gaps and harmonization issues (in addition to cyber security) for which new or revised standards and requirements are needed, • documents action plans with aggressive timelines by which designated standards-setting organizations (SSOs) will address these gaps, and • describes the strategy to establish requirements and standards to help ensure Smart Grid cyber security.

10. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • The document was drafted through an open public process that engaged the broad spectrum of Smart Grid stakeholder communities and the general public. • Input was provided through three public workshops, in April, May and August 2009, in which more than 1,500 individuals representing hundreds of organizations participated. • NIST also consulted with stakeholders through extensive outreach efforts

11. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • A draft of this report underwent a 30-day public review and comment period, which ended on November 9, 2009. • All comments received were considered during the preparation of the report.

12. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • The Report identifies seven domains: bulk generation, transmission, distribution, markets, operations, service provider, and customer.

13. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT Eight Priorities for Standardization identified by FERC • Demand Response and Consumer Energy Efficiency • Wide-Area Situational Awareness • Energy Storage • Electric Transportation • Advanced Metering Infrastructure • Distribution Grid Management • Cyber Security • Network Communications

14. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • NIST believes that Smart Grid interoperability standards should be open. This means that the standards should be developed and maintained through a collaborative, consensus-driven process that is open to participation by all relevant and materially affected parties and not dominated by, or under the control of, a single organization or group of organizations. As important, the standards resulting from this process should be readily and reasonably available to all for Smart Grid applications.

15. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • Smart Grid interoperability standards should be developed and implemented internationally, whenever practical.

16. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT Aggressive milestones were established (some completed in 2009, and the others expected to be completed during 2010). One action plan has already been completed and substantive progress has been made in meeting the milestones of others. The Priority Action Plans and targets for completion are: • Smart meter upgradeability standard (completed) • Common specification for price and product definition (early 2010) • Common scheduling mechanism for energy transactions (early 2010) • Common information model for distribution grid management (year-end 2010) • Standard demand response signals (early 2010) • Standards for energy use information (mid 2010)

17. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • DNP3 Mapping to IEC 61850 Objects (2010) • Harmonization of IEEE C37.118 with IEC 61850 and precision time synchronization (mid 2010) • Transmission and distribution power systems models mapping (year-end 2010) • Guidelines for use of IP protocol suite in the Smart Grid (mid 2010) • Guidelines for use of wireless communications in the Smart Grid (mid 2010) • Energy storage interconnection guidelines (mid 2010) • Interoperability standards to support plug-in electric vehicles (year-end 2010) • Standard meter data profiles (year-end 2010) • Harmonize power line carrier standards for appliance communications in the home (year-end 2010)

18. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • Under EISA, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is charged with instituting rulemaking proceedings, and once sufficient consensus is achieved, adopting the standards and protocols necessary to ensure Smart Grid functionality and interoperability in interstate transmission of electric power and in regional and wholesale electricity markets. • Although the product of federal legislation, the collaborative standardization process that NIST and Smart Grid stakeholders are building must interface effectively with all states and territories and their regulatory agencies.

19. EXCERPTS FROM THE REPORT • The second phase of the NIST plan was formally launched in November 2009. • It involves an ongoing organization and consensus process that is being formalized under the newly formed Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP). • The SGIP is a public-private partnership that provides a more permanent organizational structure to support the continuing evolution of the framework.

20. THANK YOU