OVERVIEW OF NFPA 70E (2004 Edition) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

OVERVIEW OF NFPA 70E (2004 Edition)

Standards for Electrical Safety-Related Work Practice Requirements for Employee Workplaces

Presented By:

Steven Strayer, CIH, CSP, REHS, RS

Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.

(717) 766-4500

(717) 766-3999 (fax)

sstrayer@cocciardi.com

• Shock – 1,000 fatalities per year, >50% from <600 volts
• Arc-flash
• 35,000o F
• 2,000 severe burn cases per year
• Kill out to 10 feet
• Arc-blast
• Cu expands 67,000 x’s from solid to gas
• Pressures = thousands of pounds per square feet
• Noise >160 dB
• Molten shrapnel >700 mph

• Worker protection police
• General industry (1910) and construction (1926)
• Subpart “S” – electrical
• Methods to eliminate/minimize electrical hazards
• Safe work practices (1910.331-335)
• Training requirement (1910.332)

* Problem: Limited specificity (ex. Flash protection)

NFPA 70E – Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace Background / History

Assist OSHA in developing workplace safety

(NFPA 70 – NEC: Limited Application)

Four Parts to 70E

Installation Safety Requirements

Now Chapter 4 (Articles 400 – 450)

Safety Related Work Practices

Now Chapter 1 (Articles 100 – 130)

Safety Related Maintenance Requirements

Now Chapter 2 (Articles 200 – 250)

Safety Requirements for Special Equipment

Now Chapter 3 (Articles 300 – 340)

• 1979: 1st Edition (Part I Only)
• 1981: 2nd Edition (Added Part II)
• 1983: 3rd Edition (Added Part III)
• 1988: 4th Edition (Minor Revisions)
• 1995: 5th Edition (Revised Part I and II)
• 2000: 6th Edition (Revised Part II and Added IV)
• 2004: 7th Edition (Revised Title Format, and
• primarily Part II)
• NEC format
• Chapters/articles
• Part II now Chapter 1

• Public and private premises including building, structures, mobile homes, RV’s, and floating buildings
• Yards, lots, parking lots, carnivals, and industrial sub-stations
• Installations used by electric utilities, such as offices, buildings, warehouses, garages, machine shops, recreational that are not an integral part of a generating plant, sub-station, or control station
• Conductors that connect installations to a supply of electricity

Not Covered –

Installations in ships, watercraft, railway rolling stock, aircraft, or automotive vehicles other than mobile homes and RV’s

Installations underground in mines

Installation of railways

Installation of communication equipment (must be exclusive control of communication utilities)

Installation under exclusive control of electric utilities (service laterals/meters, rights-of-ways/easements, and property [owned or leased] for purpose of generation, transmission, transformation, etc.)

CHAPTER 1: Safety-Related Work Practices

“On Hold For Further Examination”

• Preserving or restoring the condition of electrical equipment and installations for employee safety.
• Article 200 – Introduction
• Article 205 – General Maintenance Requirements
• Article 210 – Substations, Switchgear Assemblies, Switchboards, Panel Boards, Motor Control Centers, and Disconnect Switches
• Article 215 – Premises Wiring
• Article 220 – Controller Equipment
• Article 225 – Fuses and Circuit Breakers
• Article 230 – Rotating Equipment
• Article 235 – Hazardous (Classified) Locations
• Article 240 – Batteries and Battery Rooms
• Article 245 – Portable Electric Tools and Equipment
• Article 250 – Personal Safety and Protective Equipment (Inspections and Testing)

• Special Equipment Includes:
• Article 300 – Introduction
• Article 310 – Electrolytic Cells
• Article 320 – Batteries/Battery Rooms
• Article 330 - Lasers

CHAPTER 4: INSTALLATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTSBased on NFPA 70 - NEC

Article 400 –

General Requirements for Electrical Installations

Article 410 –

Wiring Design and Protection

Article 420 –

Wiring Methods, Components, and Equipment for General Use

Article 430 –

Specific Purpose Equipment and Installations

Article 440 –

Hazardous (Classified) Locations: Class I, II, and III, Divisions I and II, and Class I, Zones 0, I and II

Article 450 –

Special Systems

Article 100 – Definitions

• Qualified Person
• Unqualified Person
• Limited Approach Boundary
• Restricted Approach Boundary
• Prohibited Approach Boundary
• Flash Protection Boundary
• Energized Electrical Work/Electrically Safe Work Condition

Article 110 – General

• Practices/Procedures for employees working on or near energized conductors/circuit parts and unqualified individuals with other equipment

Change – Multi-employer worksites – “Hazcom”

• Risk of electrical hazard not reduced to a safe level by Chapter 4
• Classroom/OTJ – Degree determined by risk
• Include emergency procedures: First Aid/CPR, Methods of Release

• Precautionary Techniques
• PPE
• Insulating/Shielding Materials/Tools
• Test Equipment
• Distinguishing Live Parts
• Determine Nominal/Voltage
• Approach Distances
• Hazard Evaluation (Including Non-electrical)
• OJT personnel if under direct QP supervision

• Awareness
• Precautions
• Hazards
• Electrical Safety Program
• Provide awareness and self-discipline
• ID electrical safety principals
• Inspect/evaluate
• Insulation and enclosure integrity
• Plan and document procedures
• Deenergize
• Anticipating the unexpected
• ID and minimize hazards
• Employee protection
• ID appropriate tools
• Personnel abilities
• Auditing

ID Electrical Safety Controls

• Assumed “energized”
• No bare-hand contact
• Deenergizing procedures
• Training
• Equipment use for ID of hazards
• Equipment training
• Categorize tasks

ID procedures when working on >50 volts

• Purpose
• Qualifications
• Hazard/extent of task
• Limits of approach
• Safe work practices
• PPE
• Insulating tools/materials
• Special precautions
• Diagrams/details/pictures
• References

Hazard/risk evaluation procedures

• Job briefing(s) – each shift or more
• G. Work Permit Procedures

• On/near exposed electric conductors
• “Electrically safe” work conditions
• Exceptions -  50 volts
• Additional increased hazard
• Operations or equipment design

Condition

* Must follow LO/TO procedures and confirm (Test)*

• Reference 29CFR1910.147

Article 130 – Working On or Near Live Parts

Change –

• Energized Electrical Work Permit
• Circuit/equipment description
• Justification
• Safe work practices
• Shock hazard analysis and boundaries
• PPE
• Documentation of job briefing
• Authorization

*Exception – - Voltage measurements

- Testing

- Troubleshooting

B. Shock Hazard Analysis/Boundaries

• Limited
• Restricted
• Prohibited

• 4ft ( 600 volts and not greater than 300 kA cycles)
• Calculation of boundary (incident energy) for >600 volts
• Boundary at 5 j/cm2 (1.2 cal/cm2)
• PPE – Conform to ANSI/ASTM criteria

“Hazard/Risk Category Classification” Table

• Categories 1 – 4 (can be -1)
• PPE ranges from t-shirt/pants to flash suits and shields
• Also addresses need for voltage rated gloves and tools
• Clothing material
• Category “0” – natural fibers (weight >4.5 oz/yd2) (assume <2 cal/cm2)
• Category “1” – flame resistant (4 cal/cm2)
• Category “2” – “1” plus cotton underwear (8 cal/cm2)
• Category “3” – “2” plus FR coveralls (25 cal/cm2)
• Category “4” – “2” plus multi-layer flash suit (40 cal/cm2)
• Synthetics which melt below 600o F

• No unqualified persons, unless advised of hazards, escorted by QP
• Conditions for qualified persons
• Flash protection

RESTRICTED APPROACH BOUNDARY

• Qualified person: Do not cross or take a conductive object past, unless:
• Person is insulated
• Live part is insulated
• Person is insulated from other conductive objects

PROHIBITED APPROACH BOUNDARY

• Qualified person
• Only if body part is insulated

• Conform to ANSI/ASTM Standards
• Based on hazard/risk evaluations

• Alertness
• Blind reaching
• Illumination: ANSI IES-RP-7-1991 Generally 50-100 foot candles depending on:
• Age
• Speed
• Accuracy
• Background Reflection
• Conductive Articles

• Insulated tools (within Limited Approach Boundary)
• Ropes/handlines
• Grounding equipment/GFCI’s
• Ladders
• Rubber insulating equipment
• Physical/mechanical barriers: no closer than “Restricted Approach Boundary”

Alerting

• Signs/tags
• Barricades
• Attendants

• Test instruments
• Energizing/de-energizing
• Portable electrical equipment
• Conductive work locations (GFCI’s)
• Connecting plugs

LOCKOUT/TAGOUT PRACTICES

AND DEVICES

Questions / Answers