Panel: Global Population and Development Trends: the European View

1. UN Economic Commission for Europe European Population Forum 2004: Population Challenges and Policy Responses 12 – 14 January 2004, Geneva, Switzerland Panel: Global Population and Development Trends: the European View The ICPD Programme of Action and  German National Policies German Development Coopera- tion Policy : BMZ, GTZ, KfW Wolfgang Bichmann, KfW Development Bank, Frankfurt

2. ICPD Programme of Action• paradigmatic change linking human rights, health, reproduction and sexuality in a holistic framework of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) • SRH Context in Germany (post 1994)• low reproductive risk(rank 128 of 133 c‘tries; source: PAI 2001)• low HIV/AIDS prevalence(~ 0,1%; < 45.000 PLWH)• negative population growth(TFR 1,29), ageing population

3. ICPD Programme of ActionInfluence on National Policies in Germany: • • Promotion of Sustainable Family Policies (Govt. Report 2003) reconcile family activities and occupation: encourage more children and women‘s employment foster gender equality in education, income and child care • • National Action Plan Combat Violence against Women, 1999• Federal Working Group to combat domestic violence,2000• Government Report on Women‘s Health in Germany, 2001• Federal Law for Protection against Violence,2002 • • National Plan of Action for the Protection of Children and Adolescants against Sexual Violence and Exploitation, 2003• more rigorous penal suites for child abuse (under preparation)

4. Partnership with Civil Society Organisations• in Germany CSOs and NGOs (incl. denominational counselling services) traditionally assume an important role in the provision of SRH services• Pro Familia (IPPF associate) since 1956 (> 160 centres) counselling on sexual issues, family planning, pregnancy• improvement of public-private partnership approach • Post-Cairo Dialogue on Population Issues in Government and Parliament (other than on aging society)• remained limited to  development cooperation policy

5. Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) - SRH policy:• Focus on Policy Coherence, Gender Mainstreaming, Participation, Empowerment, Target Groups, Partners… The war on poverty will not be won unless we direct more resources to women and reproductive health. Developing countries that have invested in health and education, enabling women to make their own fertility choices, have registered faster economic growth than those that have not. UNFPA Executive Director, Thoraya Ahmed Obaid

6. Implementation of SRH in German Development Cooperation— BMZ Policy Paper on SRH, July 2003 — • Focal areas of SRH promotion through German Development Cooperation consist of supporting partner countries in: - realisation of SRH rights, including measures against female genital mutilation (FGM) - IE&C with regard to health of the population, enabling self-decision as well as responsible behaviour - increasing access to FP services - looking after women and girls during pregnancy and child birth - prevention and treatment of STIs including HIV/AIDS

7. Implementation of SRH in German Development Cooperation— BMZ Policy Paper, July 2003 —▪ classical approaches: - Human resource and capacity development - integration of SRH + IE&C in basic health service delivery - MCH / FP including equipment, drugs & supplies - condom social marketing for HIV prevention and social marketing of contraceptive supplies ▪ new approaches: - public private partnerships and private sector participation including output-based aid - support of SRH in sector-wide approaches - regional communicable disease control incl. HIV/AIDS

8. Best Practice Examples(ongoing development cooperation programmes)▪ classical approaches: - scale-up of women‘s health + safe motherhood / Philippines - mothers‘ health + health system development / Cambodia - human capacity development for SRH / Mongolia ▪ new approaches: - social franchising of RH services / Pakistan - integrated women & adolescent health promotion/Honduras - psycho-social care for traumatised women / Kosovo - preventing childhood & adolescent sexual abuse/Zimbabwe

9. Linking Poverty Reduction and Health: the Example of HIV/AIDS-Prevention • Economic and social impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic - already evident in Africa and a high risk for Asia decline of household incomes falling average life expectancy impact on family structure, communities & society growing number of orphans consequences for agriculture, industry, social ser- vices and administration (loss of workers in produc- tive age; teachers, health workers, civil servants)

10. German Financial Cooperation – reproductive health policy • financingprograms and measures :improvecontrol of sexually trans- mitted diseases (STDs) incl. HIV/AIDSimproveaccess to RH services and use of products while securing individual decision-making • standardized product:Contraceptive Social Marketing Condoms – and new Products: VCT, Bednets, Drugs, Franchising / Silent Partner Arrangements

11. Financial Cooperation, HIV/AIDS-Prevention and Poverty Reduction — Results • Complementary approach to existing prevention strategies: significant increase of prevention practice and demand for condoms • Improving coverage through sales at affordable prices • Use of sales revenues for program operation • Cooperation with NGOs and private sector, using sales outlets in formal and informal sectors

12. Thank you for your kind interest www.bmz.de www.gtz.de/srh www.kfw.de