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Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web

Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web. Chapter 2 Objectives. Next. Discuss how the Internet works. Define Webcasting. Understand ways to access the Internet. Describe the uses of electronic commerce (e-commerce). Identify a URL. Identify the tools required for Web publishing.

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Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web

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  1. Chapter 2The Internet andWorld Wide Web

  2. Chapter 2 Objectives Next Discuss how the Internet works Define Webcasting Understand ways to accessthe Internet Describe the uses of electronic commerce (e-commerce) Identify a URL Identify the tools requiredfor Web publishing Search for informationon the Web Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message boards, mailing lists, chat rooms and instant messaging work Describe the typesof Web pages Identify the rules of netiquette Recognize how Web pages use graphics, animation, audio, video, and virtual reality p. 2.2

  3. The Internet • e-mail (1) • Web (2) • file transfer (3) • chat (4) • message board (5) • instant messaging (6) Next (1) (4) What are some services found on the Internet? (3) (2) (5) (6) p. 2.2 Fig. 2-1

  4. How did the Internet originate? History of the Internet Goal:To allow scientists at different locations to share information ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Became functional September 1969 Goal:Tofunction if part of network were disabled Next p. 2.3

  5. Who provides the Internet’s structure today? History of the Internet Networks from corporations, commercial firms, and other companies Telephone companies Cable companies Government Satellite companies Next p. 2.4

  6. How has the Internet grown? History of the Internet Today More than 100 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes Next p. 2.4

  7. How the Internet Works 2 1 3 4 local call local call Next long-distance call toll-free call local call local call Internet Service Provider (ISP) What are ways to access the Internet? p. 2.5 Fig. 2-2

  8. How can you connect to the Internet? How the Internet Works • Broadband Connections • - Asymmetric Digital subscriber line (ADSL) • - Cable Modem Dial-up access Telephone Line - 56Kbps Next p. 2.6

  9. How the Internet Works Regional ISP Regional ISP Regional ISP Regional ISP Regional ISP Step 3 Step 3 Step 3 Step 3 Step 3 Step 3 Step 5 Step 5 Step 5 Step 5 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 4 Step 4 Step 4 Step 4 Step 4 National ISP National ISP National ISP National ISP Step 6 Step 6 Step 6 Local ISP Local ISP Internet backbone Internet backbone Internet backbone Step 8 Step 7 Step 7 Next National ISP National ISP National ISP 1: Request data from the a server on Internet. 2: Modem converts digital to analog signals. 3: Data travels through telephone lines to a local ISP. 4: Data passes through routers. 5: Regional ISP uses leased lines to send data to a national ISP. 6: National ISP routes data across the country. 7: National ISP passes data to local ISP. 8: Server sendsdata back to you. p. 2.7 Fig. 2-3

  10. What is an Internet protocol (IP) address? Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to Internet How the Internet Works IP address 199.95.72.10 last part identifies specific computer first part identifies network Next p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4

  11. What is a domain name? Text version of IP address How the Internet Works IP address 199.95.72.10 scsite.com Domain name Next p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4

  12. What is the World Wide Web (WWW) ? A worldwide collection of electronic documents Also called the Web Each document is called a Web page Can contain text, graphics, sound, video, and links to other Web pages A Web site is a collection of related Web pages The World Wide Web Next p. 2.9

  13. The World Wide Web Next • Program that allows you to view Web pages • Netscape • Internet Explorer What is a Web browser? p. 2.9 Fig. 2-6

  14. The World Wide Web Web browser program name Next Step 1 How can you establish a connection and start the Web browser? Step 2 1: Click the Web browser program name 2: If necessary, connect to Internet 3: Connection to the Internet occurs and a home page displays Step 3 p. 2.10 Fig. 2-7

  15. How do handheld computers and cellular telephones access the Web? Must be Web-enabled Uses a microbrowser that displays Web pages that contain mostly text The World Wide Web Microbrowser for a Web-enabled cellular telephone Microbrowser for a Web-enabled handheld computer Next p. 2.11 Fig. 2-8

  16. What is a hyperlink? Text or graphic that displays a related Web page Also called a link The World Wide Web Next p. 2.12

  17. How can you identify a hyperlink (link) on a Web page? The World Wide Web Next mouse pointer changes to small hand • Mouse pointer changes to a small hand when you point to a link • Click the link to display the associated Web page • Link can be a word, phrase, or image p. 2.12

  18. The World Wide Web 2. link 1. link 3. link Next 1. Some links display a different color when you point to them How do you recognize links? 2. Some links are underlined 3. Some links are graphical images p. 2.12 Fig. 2-9

  19. What can links display? Item found elsewhere on same Web page Different Web page at same Web site Web page at a different Web site The World Wide Web Next p. 2.12

  20. What is a URL? Uniform Resource Locators Unique address for Web page located on Web server The World Wide Web protocol domain name path http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10

  21. What is a search engine? Program used to find Web pages pertaining to a specific topic The World Wide Web Search text Word or phrase entered in search engine’s text box Also called a keyword Spider Program used by search engines to find Web pages that contain search text Also called a crawler or bot Next p. 2.14

  22. What is a hit? Any Web page name that lists as the result of a search The World Wide Web 97 hits Google search engine hit Next p. 2.14 Fig. 2-11

  23. What are some widely used search engines? The World Wide Web Next p. 2.15 Fig. 2-12

  24. What is a directory? Search tool with organized set of topics and subtopics Lets you find information by clicking links rather than entering keywords The World Wide Web organized topics from which you select Next p. 2.15 Fig. 2-13

  25. What are the six basic types of Web pages? The World Wide Web Business/marketing Informational Advocacy News Portal Personal Next p. 2.16

  26. What is a portal Web page? Offers a variety of Internet services from a single, convenient location Often called a portal The World Wide Web Yahoo! is a portal Next p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14a

  27. What is a news Web page? Contains newsworthy material Stories and articles relating to current events, life, money, sports, and weather The World Wide Web ESPN.com is a sports news page Next p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14b

  28. What is an informational Web page? Contains facts Created by organizations and governments The World Wide Web Next p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14c

  29. What is a business/marketing Web page? Contains content that promotes products Allowsyou to purchase products online The World Wide Web Next p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14d

  30. What is an advocacy Web page? Contains content that describes a cause, opinion, or idea The World Wide Web Next p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14e

  31. What is a personal Web page? Web page maintained by private individual Reasons: sharing life experience with the world The World Wide Web Next p. 2.17 Fig. 2-14f

  32. What services are often found on a portal? The World Wide Web Search engine E-mail Sports and weather Newsgroups or message boards Local , national, and worldwide news Instant messaging Reference tools Stock quotes Maps Free personal Web pages Chat rooms Shopping malls and auctions Calendars Next p. 2.17

  33. What is a Web community? Web site joining specific group of peoplewith similar interests or relationships The World Wide Web Newsgroup or message board E-mail Online photo albums Chat room Next p. 2.17

  34. What is multimedia? Application integrating text with other media elements The World Wide Web Audio Animation Video Graphics Virtual reality Next • Often used on Web pages to add appeal p. 2.18

  35. The World Wide Web Next What are graphic file formats? p. 2.18 Fig. 2-16

  36. What is a thumbnail? Small version of a larger graphical image Usually click thumbnail on Web page to display full-sized image The World Wide Web full-sized image Next p. 2.19 Fig. 2-17

  37. What is animation? Appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in rapid sequence The World Wide Web Next p. 2.19

  38. What is audio? Music, speech, or any other sound Individual sound files that you download to your computer The World Wide Web Next p. 2.20

  39. What are MP3 files? Compresses audio to one-tenth of original size while preserving quality of sound Allows for transfer of music over Web The World Wide Web MP 3 player plays music stored on CD MP 3 player plays music stored on clik! disk Next p. 2.20 Fig. 2-18

  40. What is streaming audio? Enables you to listen to the sound as it downloads to your computer Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast over the Web The World Wide Web RealAudio RealAudio link radio station Web page Next p. 2.21 Fig. 2-19

  41. What is video? Consists of full-motion images with sound played back at various speeds MPEG is popular video compression standard The World Wide Web streaming video Next p. 2.22 Fig. 2-20

  42. What is a Web cam? Combined video camera and software that outputs video to a Web page The World Wide Web Web cam video display Next p. 2.22

  43. What is virtual reality (VR)? Use of computers to simulate real or imagined environment The World Wide Web Next • Used for games and many practical applications p. 2.22 Fig. 2-21

  44. What is Webcasting? Delivers information via the Web at regular intervals without user making a request Also called push technology The World Wide Web real-time sporting event scores pushed to desktop from SportsLine.com Web site Next p. 2.23

  45. Electronic Commerce shopping at Target in the comfort of home Target Web site Next • Financial business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the Internet What is e-commerce? p. 2.24 Fig. 2-23

  46. What are the three types of e-commerce? Electronic Commerce Business to consumer(B-to-C or B2C) Sale of goods to general public Consumer to consumer(C-to-C or C2C) One consumer sells directly to another Business to business(B-to-B or B2B) Businesses providing goods and servicesto other businesses Next p. 2.25

  47. What are e-commerce features? Electronic storefront Shopping cart Online auction Electronic Commerce Next p. 2.25

  48. Development and maintenance of Web pages What is Web publishing? Web Publishing Next Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 1 Plan 2 Analyze and design Step4 3 Create the Web site 4 Deploy the Web site 5 Maintain the Web site Step 5 p. 2.26 Fig. 2-24

  49. How do you deploy a Web site? Web Publishing Locate Web server to store your site Upload, or copy, site to Web server Next p. 2.29

  50. What is an e-mail address? Combination of user name and domain name that identifies user so he or she can receive e-mail Other Internet Services User name or user-ID A unique combination of characters that identifies you Domain name Identifies the mail server at Next p. 2.31 Fig. 2-27

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