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Work in Fluid Systems

Explore the principles of work and pressure in fluid systems, differentiate open and closed systems, and analyze positive and negative work. Learn to solve fluid work problems in English and SI units for practical applications.

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Work in Fluid Systems

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  1. Work in Fluid Systems Chapter 2.2 Principles of Technology I Edinburg North High School

  2. Objectives • Describe how open and closed systems are different. • Explain the relationship between work and pressure in a fluid system, as given by the equation, W = P V. • Explain the relationship between work and pressure in a fluid system, as given by the equation, W = -P V. • Explain what is meant by positive work and negative work in fluid systems • Solve work problems for fluid systems in English and SI units.

  3. Introduction • As with mechanical systems, work is done in when a force moves and object through a distance. • But it is easier to calculate work in a fluid system using pressure (prime mover in fluid systems). • Pressure difference can cause a fluid to move.

  4. Open and Closed Fluid Systems • A closed fluid system retains and recirculates a working fluid. • Example: Brake system in a car • Fluid flows through an open fluid system only one time. • Examples: city water systems, and irrigation systems, and a fire truck water system.

  5. Work Done in Fluid Systems • When heated, gas in cylinder expands. • Volume changes: V = Vf - Vi • Since cross-sectional area does not change, V = A  d • In this system, pressure does not change because the weight supported by the piston does not change.

  6. V can be positive or negative (P is always positive). • W is positive, work is done on the load. • W is negative, work is done on the fluid.

  7. Open fluid systems • Steady-flow • If density of fluid is constant, volume moved is V = m/ • Equation for steady=flow process when density is constant. • Work is positive, the fluid does work. • Work is negative, work is done on the fluid.

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