1 / 32

The Astroparticle Road Ahead

This presentation by Uli Katz from the University of Erlangen provides a comprehensive overview of astroparticle physics and its future directions, following a splinter meeting in Hamburg on September 27-28, 2012. It covers essential topics such as multimessenger searches for cosmic accelerators, the nature of dark matter, and key developments in neutrino physics. With a roadmap outlining critical questions about the universe, the presentation emphasizes the significance of advanced instrumentation and international collaboration in uncovering cosmic phenomena and enhancing our understanding of fundamental physics.

jethro
Download Presentation

The Astroparticle Road Ahead

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Splinter Meeting on Multi-Messenger Astroparticle Physics Hamburg, 27 – 28 September 2012 The Astroparticle Road Ahead Uli Katz ECAP / Univ. Erlangen 28.09.2012

  2. The plan for the next 25 minutes: • What is astroparticle physics ? • Selected aspects: • Multimessenger searches for cosmic accelerators • Dark Matter • A topic in neutrino physics • An outlook beyond Note: Various slides from German astroparticle workshop (Zeuthen, 20-21 September 2012) Warning: This presentation will not provide a full coverage ofastroparticle physics and will contain personal views. U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  3. What is astroparticle physics ? U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  4. Historical aspects • Extraterrestrial particles: 100 years • Several decades until 50’s:Fundamental discoveries in particle physics (µ,p,e+) • From ~80’s: Particle physics methods and expertise for astroparticle experiments • Further breakthroughs (neutrino oscillations) • Coining the name (90’s):astroparticle physics vs. particle astrophysics Interpretation depends on perspective! U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  5. ASPERA: Basic questions (roadmap 2007) • What is the Universe made of? In particular: What is dark matter? • Do protons have a finite life time? • What are the properties of neutrinos? What is their role in cosmic evolution? • What do neutrinos tell us about the interior of the Sun and the Earth, and about Supernova explosions? • What is the origin of cosmic rays? What is the view of the sky at extreme energies? • Can we detect gravitational waves? What will they tell us about violent cosmic processes and about the nature of gravity? Note: There are political/administrative aspectsFunding agencies need practical structures U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  6. My preferred definition (generic) • What can astroparticles tell us about the Universe? • What can we learn about particle physics from observations of astroparticles? • How do particles fit into the Universe? • What else can we learn from experiments dedicated to these questions? Astrophysics Particle physics Cosmology ? U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  7. Multimessenger searches for cosmic accelerators U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  8. The astroparticle instruments • TeV gamma observatories:H.E.S.S., MAGIC, VERITAS → CTA • Neutrino telescopes:IceCube, ANTARES, Baikal → GNO, KM3NeT • Cosmic rays:Auger → Radio detection, JEM/EUSO? • Gravitational waves:GEO600, VIRGO, LIGO → Upgrades, ET • Inter-instrument correlations: First “bilateral” approaches → AMON U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  9. CTA: From vision to reality Martin Raue, Zeuthen 2012 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  10. Martin Raue, Zeuthen 2012 .. first data 2018 or so: U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  11. Neutrino telescopes • IceCube, ANTARES, Baikal:Taking data but no discoveries yet • Increased sensitivities required! • KM3NeT: Multi-km3 neutrino telescope in Mediterranean Sea • Discuss and coordinate future activitiesin Global Neutrino Observatory (GNO) U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  12. KM3NeT • Technical Design Report 2010: ~6 km3 for 220 M€ • Meanwhile: Optimisation for Galactic sources→ smaller, lower energies, multiple building blocks • Baseline design:Flexible strings with multi-PMT digital optical modules • 40 M€ available for first construction phase(option: ORCA, see below) IceCube KM3NeT U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  13. Global Neutrino Observatory IceCube Further partners ANTARES, KM3NeT FA 1 FA 2 FA 3 The Global Neutrino Observatory • GNO could be an “umbrella” over neutrino astronomy projects • The experiments/partners are autonomous, independent entities participating in GNO • GNO offers a forum for exchanges and consultations and can represent neutrino astronomy vs. science and science policy U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  14. Status of “cosmic ray astronomy” • Auger: Observes anisotropies at E >1019.7 eV. • But: • No conclusive evidence for specific sources • Low statistics • Chemical composition unclear (if heavy, no astronomy!) • Conclusion: Larger and even better detectors needed • “Auger North” not approved • “Auger Next” under discussion • Radio detection of air showers • JEM/EUSO U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  15. Radio detection • Impressive progress in exploration, theoretical understanding and simulation • LOFAR • New installations • Auger Engineering Array (AERA) • South Pole (ARA) • TUNKA Rex • SKA ±20% F. Schroeder et al. ARENA 2012 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  16. Markus Roth, Zeuthen 2012 JEM-EUSO • Highest-energy cosmic ray observation from space • Preparation in progress • Launch in 2017? • Questions: • Calibration • Precision • Control of conditions U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  17. Gravitational waves: The global network … Michèle Heurs, Zeuthen 2012 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  18. … and the next step: Einstein Telescope (ET) Future: Also eLISA/NGO ? Michèle Heurs, Zeuthen 2012 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  19. First detections imminent ? • mergers of BH and NS • rotating NS • asymmetric SN • … Expected sensitivities Michèle Heurs, Zeuthen 2012 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  20. Multimessenger status • Multimessenger studies require the detection and identification of multiple messengers • No single neutrino, cosmic ray or gravitational wave assigned to a high-energy astrophysical source! • We are at the beginning, perseverance required. • Make best use of existing experiments → AMON U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  21. AMON • Multimessenger network to identify coincident signals • Sensitivity at sub-significance and sub-triggerlevel of single experiments • Lead by Penn State Univ., to include ground- and space-based experiments • amon.gravity.psu.edu U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  22. Dark Matter U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  23. Impressive progress in direct searches … Manfred Lindner, Zeuthen 2012 Another order of magnitudeexpected from XENON1T and others U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  24. … and further limits, hints and questions • What about DAMA, CoGent, CRESST?Just detector effects? • Indirect searches: • intriguing features in e+ e- spectra (Fermi-LAT, PAMELA, …) • limits from neutrinos • the Fermi 130 GeV g line Warning: Comparisons of experimental results are strongly model-dependent (particle physics, DM density) U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  25. How to consolidate the picture? • We need a consistent picture in all reaction modes • We need to prepareproper strategiesfor 4 possible cases: U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  26. Neutrino physics U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  27. Neutrino telescopes and low-E neutrinos • Here: Low-E means E < 20 GeV or so • IceCube/Deep Core: First results emerging,down to O(10 GeV) • ANTARES: Oscillation analysis down to 20 GeV • IceCube: Plans for further instrumentation inDeep Core region: PINGU • Publication on possible neutrino mass hierarchy measurement (Akhmedov, Razzaque and Smirnov, arXiv1205.7071v4) • … reactions on the experimental side: • Feasibility study for PINGU • Also under discussion for first KM3NeT phase (ORCA) U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  28. Possible configurations Alexander Kappes, Zeuthen 2012 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  29. The signal (theoretical perspective) • Neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry induced by inhomogeneous matter distribution in Earth • Result: zenith/energy dependence of event numbers, since • Requires event identification, good energy/zenith resolution and precise knowledge of efficiencies U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  30. The signal (experimental perspective) Expected result:? If feasible, it might change future ofneutrino telescopes • Feasibility studies for PINGU and ORCA ongoing • Critical questions: • Trigger efficiencies • Event identification • Backgrounds andevent migrations • Event reconstructionand resolutions • Systematics in Earthdensity distribution • … • Time line: Answers by late 2012 or mid-2013 U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  31. Conclusions & Outlook U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

  32. A few personal remarks • We have made impressive experimental progressbut we still have not answered the central questions • Perseverance and scientific rigor are required to succeed • Planning of future activities must be coherent, coordinated at international scale and science-driven • Astroparticle physics is dynamically evolving – we must not limit our objectives and visions to amomentary snapshot U. Katz: The astroparticle road ahead

More Related