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The Rise of Totalitarian Regimes: Mussolini, Stalin, and Hitler’s Path to War

This overview examines the emergence of totalitarian regimes in the early 20th century, focusing on leaders like Benito Mussolini and Joseph Stalin. Mussolini's rise in Italy saw the banning of opposing governments and military expansions, while Stalin's Soviet Union utilized force and repression to maintain control. The alliances and aggressive actions leading up to World War II, including Hitler's invasions and the subsequent responses from Britain and the United States, are analyzed. This historical narrative outlines the interconnected actions that shaped global conflict.

jerry-mccormick
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The Rise of Totalitarian Regimes: Mussolini, Stalin, and Hitler’s Path to War

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  1. Bell Work • DEFINE • Appeasement • Benito Mussolini • Joseph Stalin • Anti-Semitism • Totalitarian page 364

  2. Italy • Benito Mussolini • King names him head of government • He bans; • all other forms of government • Freedom of press • Seize Countries • Takes over Ethopia in 1935 • Takes over Albania 1939

  3. Soviet Union • Leader • Joseph Stalin • Used force to obtain obedience • 39,157 military officers prisoned or killed • For people, millions were sent to “labor camps” • Initially, enemies with Hitler

  4. Hitler • Takes over Germany in 1933 • 1936 ALLIANCE WITH ITALY • Mussolini • Takes over Rhineland, Austria, and Sudetenland by 1939 • Time Magazine man of Year in 1939 • Expands empire from 186,000 square miles to 225,000 square miles

  5. Britain Responds • Britain assures Poland any invasion would mean war with Germany • Secretly Britain trying to get Poland to appease Germany • Germany invades Poland in 1939 • Officially starting WWII

  6. Hitler Expands Germany

  7. The Manhattan Project Begins • Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner • Atomic Scientist • Jews, fled Germany • Meet Einstein in America • Needed to tell President of discovery • Three men send letter to FDR • Largest secret weapons project in history begins

  8. America’s Road to War • Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact • Agreement not to attack each other • Germany free from two-front war • Hitler convinced no action will be taken by democracies • Sept. 1 1939 Hitler invades Poland • Using Blitzkrieg • Poland falls in 1 month • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ha0qKquG2E

  9. War in Europe France and Britain Germany • Take part in a “sitzkrieg” • A sitter's war • Do not invade Germany, but are very defensive • Attack Denmark and Norway in April • Attack Belgium and Netherlands in March • Dunkirk • 300,000 troops evacuated from France • France surrenders by the end of June

  10. Hitler’s Europe

  11. The Two Sides Allied Axis • France • Great Britain • Italy • Germany • Japan

  12. Bell Work • Explain Blitzkrieg in detail. • No puedoespararpara el sabado

  13. WWII Continued • France defeat, Britain fears invasion • Winston Churchill • Prime Minister of England • Battle of Britain • Germans bomb air bases, shipyards, and industries, and cities • British RAF defeat the Germans in the sky, after months of fighting, Hitler calls off attack • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nbv-x_cQ26I&feature=relmfu

  14. Hitler Invades Russia? • Failure to invade Britain meant Hitler turns east on Russia • Operation Barbarossa • INVADES FOR RESOURCE • INVADES FOR “LIVING SPACE FOR GERMAN PEOPLE” • Russia has “scorched earth policy” • Destroy their own country

  15. US REPSONDS TO THE WAR Prepare for war 1940 ELECTION • FDR Strengthens Navy • Passes “neutrality act” • Opens trade with warring nations if they pay cash • FDR signs “Selective Service and Training Act” • Peacetime • Ages 21-35 • FDR wins unprecedented third term

  16. Bell Work • What were the reasons Hitler gave for invading Russia? What fighting tactic did Russia use? What does that tactic include?

  17. U.S. Japan Relations • Post WWI • U.S. does not support British treaty with Japan • U.S. does not support the “Rape of Nanking” • U.S. places Oil Embargo on Japan in order to keep them from invading Indonesia . • Japan accidentally sinks U.S. boat killing 3, wounding 40

  18. December 7th, 1941 • Early 1941, U.S. Japan engaged in peace talks • Pearl Harbor • Waves of Japanese Zeroes Swept in strike battle ship row • Sink 18 war ships; 180 aircraft • 2,403 America deaths; 1,178 wounded

  19. U.S. Responds • American armed forces post Pearl Harbor • Army smaller than Romania • Navy destroyed by PH • U.S. declare war December 8, 1941 • Hitler, declares war on the U.S. December 11, 1941 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBWWZ-ZEydc&feature=relmfu

  20. Bell Work • Identify • Dwight Eisenhower • George Patton • Operation Overlord • D-DAY • Harry Truman • Page 378

  21. Wwii CONTINUED Chapter 12 SECTION 4

  22. WWII Timeline • Allies take over Africa in 1943 • September 1943; • Allies take country of Sicily • Italians overthrow Benito Mussolini and surrender • Officially join WWII on the side of the allies

  23. Bell Work • Name the 5 beaches in France that the allies attack. Which beaches were the United States responsible for?

  24. Allies take France • Germans re-treat • “Champagne Campaign” • August 25th 1944 France is back in control by allies • Feeling was war would be over by Christmas • Leader of France • General Charles De Gaulle

  25. Winter 1944-1945 Map of Europe

  26. Bell Work • Put these events in correct order • D-DAY • Hitler takes over the Sudetenland • Pearl Harbor • Invasion of Poland • Hitler Declares War on the U.S.

  27. Bell Work • Where did the Battle of the Bulge take place? How many troops were fighting? Why were allies short of supplies and food?

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