TRAINING MANAGEMENT

TRAINING MANAGEMENT

“In no other profession are the penalties for employing untrained personnel so appalling or so irrevocable as in the military.” - General Douglas MacArthur

INVEST PERSONAL TIME , ENERGY AND GUIDANCE TRAIN ONE LEVEL DOWN, EVALUATE TWO LEVELS DOWN DEVELOP VISION OR INTENT (FOCUS) TRAIN THE TRAINER ESTABLISH A REALISTIC, SAFE TRAINING PROGRAM FOSTER A POSITIVE COMMAND CLIMATE COMMANDER’S RESPONSIBILITIES IN TRAINING

COMMANDER’S RESPONSIBILITIES IN TRAINING (C0N’T) • INVOLVED IN ALL ASPECTS OF TRAINING • CLEARLY STATE EXPECTATIONS • PROTECT UNITS FROM TRAINING DISTRACTERS • ENSURE SUBORDINATE COMMANDERS UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING MEETINGS • PROTECT RESOURCES FOR TRAINING • PERSONALLY VISIT TRAINING

OVERLAPPING TRAINING RESPONSIBILITIES COMMANDER OFFICERS NCOs COLLECTIVE TRAINING LEADER TRAINING SOLDIER TRAINING

CENTRALIZE TRAINING PLANNING DECENTRALIZE TRAINING EXECUTION ESTABLISH EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS DEMAND TRAINING BE EXECUTED TO THE ARMY STANDARD UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF THE RESERVE COMPONENTS TRAINED THE COMBINED ARMS TEAM LEADER’S RESPONSIBILITIES IN TRAINING

TRAIN AS A COMBINED ARMS AND SERVICES TEAM TRAIN AS YOU FIGHT USE APPROPRIATE DOCTRINE USE PERFORMANCE-ORIENTED TRAINING TRAIN TO CHALLENGE TRAIN TO SUSTAIN PROFICIENCY TRAIN USING MULTIECHELON TECHNIQUES TRAIN TO MAINTAIN MAKE COMMANDERS (LEADERS) THE PRIMARY TRAINERS PRINCIPLES OF TRAINING

SYNCHRONIZE COMBAT ARMS, COMBAT SUPPORT, AND SERVICE SUPPORT SYSTEMS TRAIN FOR WAR BUILD TEAM UNDERSTANDING AND COHESION TRAINED AS A COMBINED ARMS AND SERVICES TEAM

REPLICATE THE BATTLEFIELD INCREASE DIFFICULTY TO ATTAIN THE ARMY STANDARD TRAIN UNDER REALISTIC (WARTIME) CONDITIONS TRAIN AGAINST OPFOR REPLICATING THE THREAT TRAIN WITH REALISM TRAIN SAFELY TRAIN AS YOU FIGHT

TRAIN USING ARMY DOCTRINE TRAIN TO THE ARMY STANDARD DEVELOP STANDARDS WHEN THE ARMY STANDARD IS UNPUBLISHED (APPROVED TWO LEVELS UP) USE APPROPRIATE DOCTRINE

ACTION, CONDITIONS, AND STANDARDS ARE KNOWN RETRAIN UNTIL THE STANDARD IS MET ENFORCE THE STANDARD AT ALL TIMES DO THE TASK, DON’T TALK OR READ ABOUT IT BATTLEFIELD MISSION PROFICIENCY USE PERFORMANCE ORIENTED TRAINING

TOUGH REALISITIC MENTALLY AND PHYSICALLY CHALLENGING BUILDS COMPETENCE AND CONFIDENCE ENCOURAGES INITIATIVE TRAIN TO CHALLENGE

SUSTAINMENT TRAINIING BUILDS ON MASTERED TASKS OPPORTUNITY TRAINING HONES KNOWN TASKS OPPORTUNITY TRAINING PRESELECTED PRE-PLANNED CRITICAL TASKS CONDUCTED WHEN UNSCHEDULED TIME IS AVAILABLE BAND OF EXCELLENCE TRAIN TO SUSTAIN PROFICIENCY

BAND OF EXCELLENCE PROFICIENCY SUSTAINMENT TRAINING BAND MEAN KEY PERSONNEL TURNOVER NEW EQUIPMENT FIELDING NEW EQUIPMENT TRAINING GUNNERY (JAN) E X E V A L POST SUPPORT (OCT) DIV CPX (APR) T F TF EXEVAL (JUL) GUNNERY (AUG) SQD STX PLT STX CO FTX (FEB) CO TM EXEVAL (MAY) LCX (NOV) NTC ROTATION (JUL) PLT EXEVAL (DEC) WPNS TNG (SEP) BDE TF CPX FTX (MAR) CO TM STX DEPLOY (JUN) TIME

MULTIECHELON TRAINING SIMULTANEOUS TRAINING OF MORE THAN ONE ECHELON ON DIFFERENT TASKS. EXAMPLES OF MULTIECHELON TRAINING ARE THE CONCURRENT CONDUCT OF DIFFERENT EXERCISES BY SUBORDINATE ELEMENTS IN A UNIT AND THE TRAINING OF DIFFERENT TASKS BY ELEMENTS OF THE SAME UNIT ALL MULTIECHELON TRAINING INCLUDES SOLDIER AND LEADER TRAINING MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO TRAIN AND SUSTAIN EACH ECHELON TRAIN USING MULTIECHELON TECHNIQUES

TRAIN TO MAINTAIN • MAINTAIN TO TRAIN • SCHEDULE MAINTENANCE TO REINFORCE SYSTEMS APPROACH • MAINTAIN TO THE ARMY TECHNICAL MANUAL 10/20 STANDARD • TRAIN TO MAINTAIN • ALL UNIT EQUIPMENT • CONDUCT OPPORTUNITY TRAINING TO SUSTAIN PROFICIENCY MAINTAIN TRAIN

PERSONALLY INVOLVED IN TRAINING THE TRAINER JUNIOR LEADER DEVELOPMENT OFFICER AND NCO LEADERS COMMANDERS AND LEADERS ARE THE PRIMARY TRAINERS

LEADER DEVELOPMENT Institutional Training and Education Operational Assignments Self- Development Assessment Remediation and Reinforcement Feedback Expectations and Standards Values and Ethics

DRIVES PEACETIME TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FROM WARTIME MISSIONS METL PROVIDES FOCUS LINKS MISSION ESSENTIAL TASKS TO SOLDIER TASKS BATTLE FOCUS

E A C H C O M M A N D E R Selects Collective METL Tasks Selects Soldier Tasks Conducts Training Assessment Conducts Training Assessment Determines Training Objectives Determines Training Objectives Determines Plan for Training Determines Plan for Training Conducts Pre-Execution Checks Conducts Pre-Execution Checks Executes Training and AAR’s Executes Training and AAR’s Evaluates Against Standards Battle Focus Battle Focus E L A E C A H D E N R C O

TRAINING MANAGEMENT CYCLE WARTIME MISSIONS ESTABLISH MISSION ESSENTIAL TASK LIST PREPARE TRAINING ASSESSMENT CONDUCT UNIT ASSESSMENT PREPARE LONG RANGE PLAN FEEDBACK PREPARE SHORT RANGE PLAN EVALUATE TRAINING PREPARE NEAR TERM PLAN EXECUTE TRAINING

WAR PLANS MISSION ESSENTIAL TASK LIST COMMANDER’S ANALYSIS EXTERNAL DIRECTIVES METL DEVEVELOPMENT

NOT AFFECTED BY RESOURCE AVAILABILITY NOT PRIORITIZED SUPPORTS AND COMPLEMENTS METL OF NEXT HIGHER HQ UNDERSTOOD BY CSM AND KEY NCOs APPLIES TO ENTIRE UNIT MAY VARY FROM LIKE UNITS BECAUSE OF DIFFERENT WARTIME MISSIONS OR LOCATIONS KEY POINTS OF METL DEVELOPMENT

BRIEF TO AND APPROVED BY NEXT HIGHER COMMANDER COMPANY IS THE LOWEST LOVEL TO PREPARE A METL BATTALION STAFFS METLs APPROVED BY BATTALION COMMANDER BATTALION COMMANDERS ENSURE STAFF, SLICE, AND COMPANY METLs ARE COORDINATED AND MUTUALLY SUPPORTING USE A TEAM APPROACH TO METL DEVELOPMENT WHEN TASK ORGANIZATION CHANGES, COMMANDERS MUST UNDERSTAND EACH UNIT’S CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS WHEN REEXAMINING THE METL KEY POINTS OF METL DEVELOPMENT (CONT)

MANEUVER FIRE SUPPORT MOBILITY/SURVIVABILITY INTELLIGENCE AIR DEFENSE COMMAND AND CONTROL COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT BATTLEFIELD OPERATING SYSTEMS

Battlefield Operating Systems • Maneuver: The employment of forces on the battlefield through movement of direct fires to achieve a position of advantage in respect to enemy ground forces. Includes: direct fire systems, small arms, tank guns, attack helicopter fires. • Fire Support: Collective / Coordinated use of target acquisition data, indirect fire weapons, armed aircraft, ect against ground targets in support of maneuver forces. Includes: artillery, mortars, non-line of sight weapons, naval gunfire, CAS, and electronic countermeasures.

Battlefield Operating Systems • Mobility / Survivability: Permits freedom of movement relative to the enemy. Includes measures taken taken to maintain operability through protection from effects of weapons systems and natural resources. • Intelligence: Generates knowledge of enemy, weather, and geographical features required by a CDR in planning and conducting combat Ops through thorough analysis. • Air Defense: All measures designed to counter the effectiveness of attack by hostile aircraft of missiles after they are airborne.

Battlefield Operating Systems • Command and Control: The exercise of authority and direction by a designated commander over assigned forces towards the accomplishment of the mission. • Combat Service Support: The support and assistance provided to sustain forces, primarily in the field of logistics, personnel services and health services.

BATTALION METL DEVELOPMENT SEQUENCE RECEIVE BDE MISSION & METL RESTATE THE WARTIME MISSION SELECTS CRITICAL TASKS (METL) APPROVAL FROM BDE COMMANDER PROVIDE METL TO STAFF & COMPANY COMMANDERS

RELATIONSHIP OF SOLDIER AND LEADER TASK TO COLLECTIVE TASKS AND METL BATTALION MISSION COMPANY MISSION BATTALION METL COMPANY METL DETERMINES BATTALION BATTLE TASK PLATOON COLLECTIVE TASK DETERMINES SUPPORTS SQUAD COLLECTIVE TASKS DETERMINES SUPPORTS LEADER SOLDIER TASKS SUPPORTS

Battle Task • A Battle Task is a METL Task that must be accomplished and is essential to provide/ determine the success of the next higher unit • Battle Tasks are derived from the next lower level commands METL • Battalion is the lowest level to have a Battle Task

TASK APPROVAL MATRIX SOLDIER TO BE TRAINED TASK SELECTION APPROVE REVIEW 1SG PSG SL TM LDR SOLDIER CSM 1SG PSG SL TM LDR CO CDR PLT LDR/CO CDR PLT LDR/1SG PSG/PLT LDR SL/PSG BN CDR BN CDR CO CDR CO CDR PLT LDR

EXAMPLE OF A SQUAD COLLECTIVE TASK LIST Platoon Collective Task - Conduct a Zone Reconnaissance Squad Collective Tasks • 051-196-4012 CONDUCT A PLATOON RECONNAISSANCE MISSION • 071-326-5611 CONDUCT THE MANEUVER OF A SQUAD • 071-332-5021 PREPARE/UPDATE ENEMY/FRIENDLY SITUATION MAP • 071-332-5050 MONITOR OPERATIONS/MOVEMENTS OF SUBORDINATE UNITS • 191-377-4200 DETERMINE AND USE TECHNIQUES OF MOVEMENT FOR MOUNTED • MP SQUAD Military Police Drills • DRILLS 1-7 ARTEP 19-100-10

Modification of Training Objective for Mission Essential Task • Identify Platoon / Squad collective tasks and supporting leader and soldier tasks • Identify standards IAW MTP’s and SM’s • As local conditions vary, leaders must modify the conditions statement to fit the training environment and their unit’s level of proficiency • Condition statements may be altered but must still create a realistic and demanding training environment • Conditions should be adjusted so that the standards remain appropriate to the task

EXAMPLE TRAINING OBJECTIVE FOR AMISSION ESSENTIAL TASK MISSION ESSENTIAL Supervise Area/Zone Reconnaissance TASK: CONDITION: The company in support of the corps has been directed by the battalion commander to conduct area/zone reconnaissance patrol operations. The company commander directs the operations center to coordinate and monitor the platoon’s area/zone reconnaissance operations. STANDARDS: 1) Operations sergeant plans mission requirements. A) Coordinate for reconnaissance overflight if possible (conduct map reconnaissance at a minimum). B) Coordinate integration of indirect fire support 2) Operations sergeant coordinates with platoon(s) for area/zone reconnaissance operations

EXAMPLE TRAINING OBJECTIVE FOR AMISSION ESSENTIAL TASK (con’t) STANDARDS: A) Specify areas/zones to be reconnoitered. B) Determine platoon(s) support requirements. 3) Operations center coordinates additional planning. A) Update intelligence and damage operations as required. B) Modify maneuver control measures and integrate into orders as required. 4) Operations center receives situation/spot reports from platoon(s). A) Consolidate into company overlay. B) Forward reports to battalion

DO PE # 1 & 2

TRAINING MANAGEMENT CYCLE PREPARE TRAINING ASSESSMENT CONDUCT UNIT ASSESSMENT PREPARE LONG RANGE PLAN FEEDBACK PREPARE SHORT RANGE PLAN EVALUATE TRAINING PREPARE NEAR TERM PLAN EXECUTE TRAINING WARTIME MISSIONS ESTABLISH MISSION ESSENTIAL TASK LIST

REQUIRED FOR EACH METL TASK, PLATOON AND SQUAD COLLECTIVE TASK, LEADER TASK AND SOLDIER TASK SNAPSHOT OF CURRENT COLLECTIVE LEADER, AND SOLDIER TASK PROFICIENCY COMPARES TASK PROFICIENCY TO ARMY STANDARD TRAINING ASSESSMENT

TRAINING ASSESSED AS: T = trained P = needs practice U = untrained ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET PROVIDES BASIS FOR FUTURE TRAINING TRAINING ASSESSMENT

ASSESSMENT 1/270/230 MP COLLECTIVE TASK: DEFEND ASSESSMENT SQUAD TRAINING PROFICIENCY TASK OVERALL 1 2 3 HQ *POSITION OF CREW SERVED WEAPONS *RANGE CARDS FOR M203 DEFEND T P P T P

LEADER BOOK BATTLE ROSTERS CO/PLT EXEVALS SQD/TM LANES AFTER ACTION REVIEWS ASSESSMENT TOOLS

DO PE # 3

Time Management System • RED • - Maximize Leaves and Passes • - Schedule Appointments • - Support Missions and Details (LE for MP) • AMBER • - Individual to Squad Level Tasks • - Scheduled Maintenance/Mandatory Training • - Don’t neglect to Plan • Green • - Collective Task Focus (PLT and Above) • - Commander Approves Absences • - Plan for Resources

AC - 1 YR OUT RC - 3 YRS OUT LONG-RANGE PLANNING PROCESS UNIT ASSESSMENT COMMANDER’S GUIDANCE PRODUCES LONG-RANGE CALENDAR

Long Range Planning • Long-range planning calendars are published from Division thru Battalion levels • At battalion level, long range planning starts with unit assessment and is the basis for the long-range training calendar • Results in the commander’s training guidance • Battalion Commander’s publish their training guidance in the form of long-range training calendars. Published at least 4 months (6 months RC) prior to the start of the FY • Training calendars cover at least 1 year (3 years RC) into the future. (16-18 total months out)

12-18 Months Out Based on Unit Assessment Acts as a Framework Begin With Requirements Utilize Training Strategy Publish Calendar and Guidance (YTG) Long Range Planning Chap 3 FM 25-101

PRODUCES PUBLISH SHORT RANGE PLANNING PROCESS (DRAFT) QTG (AC) YTG (RC) UNIT ASSESSMENT (DRAFT) QTC (AC) YTC (RC) TRAINING ASSESSMENT AC - 3 months RC - 1 Year QUARTERLY TRAINING BRIEFING (AC) QTG (AC) YTG (RC) YEARLY TRAINING BRIEFING (RC) QTC (AC) YTC (RC)

TRAINING MANAGEMENT