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Understanding the Nervous System: CNS, PNS, and Neurons

This review covers the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems, neuron functions, and processes like action potentials. It also explores stimuli, response mechanisms, and neuron structure.

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Understanding the Nervous System: CNS, PNS, and Neurons

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  1. Nervous System Review

  2. What does CNS stand for?

  3. What two structures make up the CNS?

  4. What are the three functions of the nervous system?

  5. Any change in the internal or external environment is considered a? • Evolution • Stimulus • Action potential

  6. The response dictated by the CNS activates ____________? • Nissle bodies • The nucleus • A muscle or gland • The brain

  7. PNS stands for?

  8. The neurons of the PNS are located___________? • Outside the spine and cranial cavities • Inside the spine and cranial cavities • In you neck only

  9. The two sub-divisions of the PNS are _______ & _______? • Dendrite and axon • Axon and axon terminal • Somatic and autonomic • Sensory and motor

  10. The somatic sub-division of the motor division is responsible for what type of control? • Voluntary • Involuntary

  11. The sub-division of the PNS that carries impulses toward the CNS is called? • Motor(efferent) division • Sensory (afferent) division • PNS

  12. Neuron carrying impulses toward the CNS is called? • Efferent • Afferent • Interneuron

  13. Neuroglia are cells of the CNS that are grouped together and are also known as • Nerves • Support Cells • Schwann cells • Myelin sheath

  14. The two main functions of the neuron is ? • Irritability and integration • Irritability and conductivity • Irritability and translation

  15. A neuron is also known as a • Translator • Transcriber • Nerve • Neuroglia

  16. The gap between neurons is known as the ? • River • Synapse • Space • Gray Matter

  17. Label the diagram being sure to include • Dendrite • Cell body • Axon • Axon terminal • Node of ranvier • Myelin sheath • Schwann cell

  18. The ______________ carries messages • Toward the cell body? • Cell Body • Dendrite • Axon • Axon Terminal

  19. The _______________ releases neurotransmitters in order to transfer the impulse to an adjacent neuron • Cell Body • Dendrite • Axon • Axon terminal

  20. The impulse is conducted along the __________ away from cell body, towards axon terminals • Cell Body • Dendrite • Axon • Axon Terminal

  21. A neuron with a cell body that has many extensions is called a • Unipolar • Multipolar • bipolar

  22. A neuron with fewer positive charges inside the cell then outside is said to be a • Depolarized • Resting membrane • Repolarization

  23. A cell is _____________ when Na⁺ rushes inside changing the inner charge from negative to positive • Depolarization • Resting membrane • Repolarization

  24. Neurons are _________________ • Mitotic • Meiotic • Amitotic

  25. The normal ionic conditions (↑Na⁺ outside, ↑K⁺ inside) are restored once the action potential passes by the ? • Sodium channels • Potassium channels • Sodium potassium exchange pump

  26. Describe the process of an action potential using the following terms: Na⁺ Sodium channel K⁺ Potassium channel Sodium potassium exchange pump Resting membrane Depolarization Repolarization

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