William Shakespeare Julius Caesar

1. William Shakespeare Julius Caesar By: Haley Zuber, Karen Sarikas, Bas Boers, Wyatt Schmidt, Chip Bachelor, Rebekah Whittington

2. Terms and Concepts • Metaphor: makes a comparison between two things that are basically unlike, but have something in common. Don’t use like or as. (ex: The house was a prison) • Simile: Compares things that are basically unlike, yet have something in common. Uses like or as. ( ex: The song was as quiet as a mouse.) • Personification: A figure of speech in which human qualities are given to an object, animal, or idea. (ex: The wind was talking to me)

3. Terms and Concepts Continued… • Verbal irony: Occurs when a writer or character says one thing but means another. (ex: Antony was calling Brutus an “honorable man”.) • Dramatic irony: Involves a contrast between what a character knows and what the reader or audience knows. (ex: In the play Julius Caesar, the audience knows Cassius has evil intentions, but Brutus does not know that) • Situational irony: Occurs when a character or the reader expects one thing to happen but something else actually happens. (ex: When Monte Cristo expects to be buried but is actually tossed of a cliff.)

4. Vocabulary From Act I • Conspirator- A person who takes part in a conspiracy ( A plan to carry out an illegal or harmful action) • Soothsayer- A person who professes to foretell events. • Servile- Slavishly submissive or obsequious ; fawning. • Barren- not producing or incapable of producing offspring. • Countenance- Appearance; especially the look or expression of the face. • Torrent- A violent downpour of rain. • To encompass- to enclose. • Infirmity- a moral weakness or failing. • Blunt- abrupt in address or manner. • Portentous-ominously significant or indicative.

5. Vocabulary from Act 2 • Taper-to become smaller or thinner towards the end. • To Spurn- to treat with contempt; despise. • Base- the bottom support of anything. • To augment- to make larger. • To redress- the setting right of what is wrong. • Insurrection- An act or instance of rising in revolt, rebellion, or resistance against civil authority or an established government. • Visage- aspect; appearance. • Affability- pleasantly easy to approach or talk to. • Imminent- likely to occur at any moment. • Constancy-the quality of being unchanging or unwavering, as in purpose, love, or loyalty; firmness of mind; faithfulness

6. Vocabulary from Act 3 • Firmament- to strengthen or support. • Apprehensive-uneasy or fearful about something that might happen. • Valiant –Boldly courageous or brave. • To beseech-to implore urgently • Malice- Evil intent of a person who is going to commit a crime. • Plebeians-A member of common people. • To censure –Strong expression of disproval. • To inter – To place in a grave or tomb. • Legacy – Gift of property; a will. • Orator-A public speaker.

7. Vocabulary from act 4 • Chastisement-severe criticism. • To contaminate-to make impure. • To bait- An allurement; enticement. • Rash-Tending to act to harshly. • Choleric-Extremely irritable and easy to anger. • Covetous-Wrongly desirous of wealth. • Nimbleness-Quick and light in movement. • Repose- Peace tranquility. • Apparition- Supernatural appearance of a person or thing. • Overbearing-domineering; dictatorial; haughtily or rudely arrogant.

8. Vocabulary from Act 5 • Parley- A discussion or conference. • Vile-Wretched; bad. • Cur-A mean cowardly person. • Legions-A division of the Roman Army. • Disconsolate-without consolation or solace; hopelessly unhappy; inconsolable • To misconstrue –To misunderstand the meaning of. • Entrails-Internal parts. • To tarry-To remain or stay. • Bondage-Captivity ; Restrain. • To bestow-To present as a gift.

9. Terms and concepts….. • Tragic Hero-a great or virtuous character in a dramatic tragedy who is destined for downfall, suffering, or defeat.

10. Propaganda Techniques and Logical Fallacy: • Ad hominem: appealing to one's prejudices, emotions, or special interests rather than to one's intellect or reason. • Red herring: Presenting data or issues that, while compelling, are irrelevant to the argument at hand, and then claiming that it validates the argument. • False Casualty: In this technique, two things that may or may not really be similar are portrayed as being similar. When examining the comparison, you must ask yourself how similar the items are. In most false analogies, there is simply not enough evidence available to support the comparison.

11. Propaganda continued.. • Overgeneralization: General statements based on only a few facts. • Name Calling: This techniques consists of attaching a negative label to a person or a thing. People engage in this type of behavior when they are trying to avoid supporting their own opinion with facts. Rather than explain what they believe in, they prefer to try to tear their opponent down. • Glittering Generality: This technique uses important-sounding "glad words" that have little or no real meaning. These words are used in general statements that cannot be proved or disproved. Words like "good," "honest," "fair," and "best" are examples of "glad" words.

12. Propaganda Continued….. • Euphemism: Rather than attempt to associate positive or negative connotations, euphemisms merely try to obscure the meaning of what is being talked about by replacing plain English with deliberately vague jargon. • Transfer of Emotion: In this technique, qualities of a well-known person are associated with a product to promote or demote it. Linking an item to a respected person is positive transfer. Creating an analogy between a disliked person and a product is negative transfer. It is also used during war times.

13. Continued……. • Testimonial: This technique is easy to understand. It is when "big name" personalities are used to endorse a product. Whenever you see someone famous endorsing a product, ask yourself how much that person knows about the product, and what he or she stands to gain by promoting it. • Bandwagon: The "bandwagon" approach encourages you to think that because everyone else is doing something, you should do it too, or you'll be left out. The technique embodies a "keeping up with the Joneses" philosophy.

14. ……… • Fear: Appeals to fear and seeks to build support by instilling anxieties and panic in the general population.