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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring

Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring. Presented by Barry T. Fryer Dudley (MBA {IT}; MSc {Image Analysis}. SEPTEMBER 2008. “..any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark.

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Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring

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  1. Electronic Imaging Fundamentals: Digger Tooth Monitoring Presented by Barry T. Fryer Dudley (MBA {IT}; MSc {Image Analysis} SEPTEMBER 2008 “..any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark

  2. Background:To operate a digger the right number of teeth are important. Identification of a missing tooth by human inspectors prone to short and long term variations. An automated tooth ID inspection system using a camera is proposed.

  3. Requirement:Provide image analysis technology linked to a camera to count the number of teeth on a digger in real time, alarming to the operator when a tooth is removed. Now possible to remove the tooth from the load, preventing further damage.

  4. Why do Image Analysis? • Better Definition of Contrasting Areas • Improved Precision/Accuracy in Measurements • Reproducibility of Results • Higher Throughput than Manual Methods

  5. A Word About Our Eyes • Eyes are very good contrast adjusters, but not good for distinguishing subtle variations in color • Eyes can discern about 30 continuous levels of gray or color in a field of view • Eyes are not good judges of distance • Eyes cannot accurately reproduce measurements

  6. Which is BIGGER / LONGER???

  7. Electronic Imaging Fundamentals Acquire Process Identify Analyze Report

  8. Acquiring the Image Arguably, the most important aspect of all • Proper setup of imaging apparatus is vital • Obtain maximum contrast and dynamic range • Reduce “noise” and other unwanted artifacts • Uniform lighting (light) • Product presentation (right way up) • Resolution & Colour (CCTV VS DIGITAL)

  9. Local I/Os: • Trigger input • Results output • Illumination control • Illumination Acquire • Image sensor • Pre-processing • Digitizing • (Lens Iris • Video) • Cat-5e • Ethernet cable • up to 100 m • Image Processing In PC • Lens • Power • Interface • Timing • PLC

  10. Thresholding an Image • Select appropriate morphometric characteristics • Identify regions of interest to analyse • Mask regions • Colour • Size • Shape • Intensity

  11. All teeth present

  12. 1st tooth missing • Failure on: • Min Count • Defect detection

  13. All teeth present • Pass all on: • Location • Count • Defect detection

  14. 2nd tooth missing • Fail on: • Count • Defect detection

  15. 2ndtooth: portion missing • Pass all on: • Location • 1st Count • FAILURE • Defect detection • 2nd Count

  16. Product Review • Image Analysis SOFTWARE and HARDWARE would be used to capture an image of the digger teeth. • The image would be processed to determine the expected number of teeth, the length and orientation. • If outside SPEC, Possible to have an audio and visual alarm on site or generated in the control room. • A report would be generated showing date, time, images etc.

  17. SYSTEM DESIGN

  18. COST IMPLICATIONS • Purchase (1 system) • Lease (Rental) @ R per month • Cost per image (Transaction)

  19. 3 Payment Options Cost per transaction (no image received, no payment) @ R 0.99 c Fixed monthly cost (same price regardless of no. of teeth checked) = R 3, 852.44 Capital amount (no further costs) @ R 96 310.98 Pricing

  20. SPIN OFFS • Real time up date images of the digger in operation • Receive notification of a broken tooth immediately • Real time enquiries via Web Site / SMS / E-mail • Driver link to digger via biometric now possible • Regulate digger violations • Increased awareness by the operator that he being monitored • Feedback reporting to operator associations • Illegal operation

  21. In Summary All about tracking digger teeth, informing the operator of a lost tooth within seconds, changing user activities, combined with efficientworkflow control, and increased accountability and profits, together with real time monitoring of digger operation.

  22. Technical QUESTIONS: Barry T. DUDLEY (MBA {IT}; MSc {Image Analysis}; BSc {Brewing}; BSc Hons {Waste Technology}) www.i-cube.co.za Cell: +27 (0) 82 562 8225 MADADENI PH +27 (0) 31 764-3077 82 Kloof Falls Rd Fax 0866539659 Kloof, Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal, 3610 E-mail: images@I-Cube.co.za • “..any sufficiently advanced technology isindistinguishable from magic.” Arthur C. Clark

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