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Multinational Planning Augmentation Team

Multinational Planning Augmentation Team. Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Relief Mission Analysis. Purpose. Discuss Techniques and Procedures for conducting an operational level mission analysis for multinational humanitarian assistance / disaster relief operations

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Multinational Planning Augmentation Team

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  1. Multinational Planning Augmentation Team Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Relief Mission Analysis

  2. Purpose • Discuss Techniques and Procedures for conducting an operational level mission analysis for multinational humanitarian assistance / disaster relief operations • First step of Commander’s Estimate process • Operational level (includes strategic military and politico-military objectives)

  3. References • JP 3-0, Doctrine for Joint Operations, 1 Feb 1995 • JP 3-07.6, Joint Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Foreign Humanitarian Assistance, 12 Dec 2000 • JP 3-16, Joint Doctrine for Multinational Operations, 5 April 2000 • JP 5-00.2, Joint Task Force Planning Guidance and Procedures, 13 Jan 1999 • CJCSM 3500.05, JTF Headquarters Master Training Guide, 15 Apr 1997 • US-Thailand HQ and Staff Planning Standing Operating Procedures (SOP), 17 February 1998

  4. Crisis Action Planning Process C R I S I S III Course of Action Development OPORD & Deployment Data Base IV Course of Action Selection V Execution Planning II Crisis Assessment I Situation Development VI Execution And/or Alert Order Execute Order Planning Order Warning Order I Mission Analysis/ Restated Mission II Course of Action Development III Analysis of Opposing Courses of Action IV Comparison of Own Courses of Action V Commander’s Decision Commander’s Estimate Process

  5. Mission Analysis Objectives • Common understanding of the problem • CTF restated mission • Most probable & most challenging or dangerous potential change in the situation • Commander’s guidance & approval to continue planning

  6. Mission AnalysisJoint Planning Group Personnel Air/Sea Lift JIC TPFDD IO Comms Core planning group Legal Fires SOF Engineer Logistics PSYOPS Civil Affairs Public Affairs Component LNOs

  7. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis

  8. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis

  9. Determine Known Facts, Current Status, or Conditions • Tasking from the National strategic command of the lead nation (HHQ) will normally include the following: • Situation Update • Force Structure • Time Constraints • Command Relationships • Can come in the form of a WARNING ORDER, ALERT ORDER, or PLANNING ORDER

  10. Determine Facts -- CTF Staff • Using all sources, identify significant and militarily relevant aspects of the environment and the situation • Staff sections determine: • Current status or condition • Other known facts • Monitor Joint Planning Group (JPG) outputs

  11. Determine Facts -- C2 / Combined Intelligence Support Element (CISE) • Define the operational environment • Describe the effects of the environment on military operations • Evaluate the threat (belligerents, disease, etc.) • Develop or implement multinational intelligence sharing plan • With JPG determine most challenging or dangerous potential change in the situation

  12. Determine Facts -- JPG • HHQ mission, intent, concepts • Forces available, readiness status of CTF structure • Review lift priority and allocation • Other forces / organizations available • Host nation’s / coalition governments’ political situation • Host nation ability to respond • Time analysis

  13. Determine Facts -- C4 • Logistical readiness of the force • Availability of support and infrastructure in operations area • Deployment estimates • Host nation support (HNS) • Requirements versus capabilities analysis

  14. APODs APOD Runway MOG Fuel Maintenance Capability Diego Garcia C-5 6 30,000 No Bahrain City X Suburb X1 City Y City Z

  15. Determine Facts -- C5 Political Considerations • Over flight / basing rights • Transient personnel staging • Logistics support (facilities and HNS) • Political considerations may take the form of assumptions

  16. Determine Facts -- C6 • Available communications resources • Communications readiness of available forces • Establish communications

  17. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  18. Assumption “ A supposition on the current situation, or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed to be true in the absence of positive proof, necessary to enable the commander, in the process of planning, to complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the course of action.” JP 1-02

  19. Develop Assumptions • Replace missing or unknown facts in planning • May cover • Belligerent Situation • Friendly Situation • Success of supporting operations • Environment • Must be logical, realistic, and essential for planning to continue • Never assume away belligerent capabilities

  20. Example Planning Assumptions • Country GREEN will allow use of its ports and air heads for transit of coalition forces • Country GREEN will allow over flight rights to coalition aircraft • Shipping will be available when country BLUE formally joins coalition • No country RED support is expected in the operations area during the operation • Number of forces will remain unchanged for the next 72 hours • Country BLACK will not contribute troops, but will supply basic foodstuffs daily • Expect annual average seasonal rainfall

  21. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  22. Analyze HHQ Mission and Intent • Political end state • HHQ mission, intent, and strategic military end state • Define and analyze the operations area • Identify tasks from outside the military • National public statements • National political influence: are there any limitations? • International organizations (IO), non-governmental organizations (NGO), & regional organizations involved • Contracts with private businesses

  23. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  24. Determine Limitations • Limitations placed on the CTF • Constraints: Things the CTF must do • Restraints: Things the CTF cannot do • Imposed by higher headquarters • Implied by conditions, circumstances

  25. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  26. Determine Centers of Gravity • “Those characteristics, capabilities, or locations from which a military force derives its freedom of action, physical strength, or will to fight.” • Both belligerent and friendly centers of gravity are analyzed • Used as a tool to help determine strengths and weaknesses • Some examples of friendly centers of gravity for HA / DR include: • Airlift, speed of response, coalition cohesion

  27. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  28. Identify Tasks • Specified -- Stated in the HHQ directive • Implied -- Not stated, but necessary to do the mission • Essential-- Of the above, those which must be done to achieve success

  29. Mission Analysis Worksheet Tasks (1) Provide humanitarian assistance & disaster relief (3) (4) Specified (1) Establish food distribution centers (2) Coordinate with IOs & NGOs (3) Implied (1) Provide humanitarian assistance & disaster relief (2) (3) Essential 1. Specified are stated in the HHQ directive 2. Implied are not stated, but necessary to do the mission 3. Essential are those which must be done to achieve success

  30. Specified & Implied Tasks • TASK Army Navy AF USMC SOF x • 1. Initial Assessment x • 2. Interface w/ NGOs x • 3. Port security x • 4. Provide security for camps x • 5. Provide temporary shelter x x • 6. Provide ground transport x • 7. Distribute food & water x x • 8. Provide air traffic control All specified and implied tasks should be assigned to a CTF component

  31. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  32. Initial Force Structure Analysis • Capabilities required to accomplish tasks? • What non-traditional / non-military tasks can be performed by military forces? • What coalition forces do we already have? • What are the shortfalls?

  33. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  34. Initial Risk Assessment • What are the risks associated with the mission assigned by HHQ (looting, mission creep)? • Do limitations, assigned tasks or assumptions create risk? • Where is HHQ willing to accept risk? • What can we do to minimize risk?

  35. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  36. Operational End State Achieving the desired end state seldom, if ever, ends international efforts to protect interests in a situation. The term end state simply represents the set of conditions necessary to resolve a crisis and transition from predominant use of the military instrument of national power to other instruments.

  37. Determine End State • Review HHQ guidance • Consider conditions for transition of the mission to nonmilitary organizations • Consider conditions necessary to support the population once military operations terminate • Specifically describe and record end state conditions • Example HA / DR end state conditions: food distribution reestablished, refugee camps established, basic infrastructure restored

  38. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  39. Restated Mission • Who: CTF • What: Essential tasks • When: When directed by HHQ • Where: Combined operations area • Why: Operational end state

  40. Sample Mission Statement • When directed, CTFconducts humanitarian assistance operations in Country X in order to minimize human suffering and enable local populace to recover from destruction caused by recent tsunami.

  41. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Brief Mission Analysis

  42. Mission Analysis Briefing • Chief of Staff or C3 / C5 • C2 • Purpose and agenda • Area of operations (Combined Operations Area) • Initial intelligence estimate • Most probable future situation • Most challengeing / dangerous future situation • Center of Gravity Analysis

  43. C3/C5 HHQ mission, intent & concept of operations Forces currently available (from all troop contributing nations) Assumptions Limitations - must do & cannot do Centers of gravity / decisive points - belligerent and friendly Mission Analysis Briefing

  44. Mission Analysis Briefing • C3/C5 (continued) • Tasks to be performed: • Specified • Implied • Essential • Initial CTF force structure analysis • Risk assessment • End state • Proposed mission statement • Time analysis - including projected planning milestones

  45. Mission Analysis Briefing • C1 • C4 • Others • Facts, assumptions, conclusions • Personnel actions • Personnel services • Other personnel related support • Facts, assumptions, conclusions • Supply • Services • Health services • Transportation • Other • Others as appropriate to the mission

  46. Task Steps • Determine the Facts • Develop Assumptions • Analyze Mission & Intent • Determine Limitations • Determine Centers of Gravity • Identify Tasks to be Performed • Initial Force Structure Analysis • Conduct Initial Risk Assessment • Determine the End State • Develop Mission Statement Mission Analysis Mission Analysis Brief

  47. Crisis Action Planning Process C R I S I S III Course of Action Development OPORD & Deployment Data Base IV Course of Action Selection V Execution Planning II Crisis Assessment I Situation Development VI Execution And/or Alert Order Execute Order Planning Order Warning Order I Mission Analysis/ Restated Mission II Course of Action Development III Analysis of Opposing Courses of Action IV Comparison of Own Courses of Action V Commander’s Decision Commander’s Estimate Process

  48. QUESTIONS?

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