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Project Management Applications Software Skills. Ahmad Al-Ghoul. Learning Objectives. Explain what a project is,, list various attributes of projects. Describe project management, discuss Who uses Project Management. Discuss The Project Management Process.
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Project Management Applications Software Skills. Ahmad Al-Ghoul
Learning Objectives • Explain what a project is,, list various attributes of projects. • Describe project management, discuss Who uses Project Management. • Discuss The Project Management Process. • Explain Benefits of Project Management • Discuss how to control projects. • Discuss Suggested Steps in Project Management • Discuss the activities in a Project Life Cycle
What is Project Management? • Project : A group of milestones or phases, activities or tasks that support an effort to accomplish something • Management : is the process of Planning, Organizing, Controlling and Measuring
Project... • A collection of linked activities, carried out in an organized manner, with a clearly defined START POINT and END POINT to achieve some specific results desired to satisfy the needs of the organization at the current time
What Is a Project? • A project is “a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.”* • Operations is work done to sustain the business. • A project ends when its objectives have been reached, or the project has been terminated. • Projects can be large or small and take a short or long time to complete.
Attributes of a Project • Has a well-defined objective • Composed of a series of interdependent tasks • Utilizes various resources • Has a specific time frame • May be a unique or one-time endeavor • Has a customer • Involves a degree of uncertainty
Project Management • A dynamic process that utilizes the appropriate resources of the organization in a controlled and structured manner, to achieve some clearly defined objectives identified as needs. • It is always conducted within a defined set of constraints
Why Need Project Management? • Complex project needs coordination of: • Multiple people • Multiple resources (labs, equipment, etc.) • Multiple tasks – some must precede others • Multiple decision points – approvals • Phased expenditure of funds • Matching of people/resources to tasks
Who uses Project Management? • Nearly Everyone to some degree People plan their Days, their Weeks, their Vacations and their Budgets and keep a simple project management form known as ‘’To Do’’ list • Any Process or Means used to track tasks or efforts towards accomplishing a goal could be considered Project Management
The Project Management Process • The project management process means planning the work and then working the plan. • Clearly define the project objective. • Divide and subdivide the project. • Define the specific activities that need to be performed. • Graphically schedule the activities in a project. • Make a time estimate. • Make a cost estimate. • Calculate a project schedule and budget.
Benefits of Project Management • Less overall project cost • Effective use of resources • More timely project completion • Higher quality of the final product
Controlling Projects • Establish a baseline plan. • Monitor progress. • Measure actual progress and compare it to planned progress. • Take corrective action if the project is behind schedule, overrunning the budget, or not meeting technical specifications.
Suggested Steps in Project Management • Generate a formal definition of the project, with goals, constraints, assumptions • Identify project start/end dates, any mandatory milestones, including reports, signoffs, deliverables, etc. • List constraints – money, equipment availability, holidays, etc. • Identify tasks to be accomplished – high level (i.e., by categories), then details within each, using brainstorming method – green light
Suggested Steps, cont. • Refine detailed task list, dropping/ combining, adding things omitted Then, for each task in list: • Estimate time (person hours, calendar period) • Identify dependencies among tasks • Identify resources (people, money, parts, etc.)
Suggested Steps, cont. Organize task groups roughly by starting date List dependencies that should or MUST hold Use MS Project to make a GANTT chart • First capture tasks and task groups, milestones • Identify critical path, see if it can be shortened • Assign person-hours and specific team member(s) to each task – identify “task leads”
Suggested Steps, cont. As project progresses: • Monitor, record progress on all tasks, at least weekly – use “Tracking Gantt Chart” • Pay particular attention to those on critical path • Revise plan as needed to take into account changes, adapt to meet milestones
Initiating Processes Planning Processes Executing Processes Controlling Processes Closing Processes Project Life Cycle
Project Initiation Phase • To commit the organization to a project or phase • To set the overall solution direction • To define top-level project objectives • To secure the necessary approvals and resources • Validate alignment with strategic objectives • To assign a project manager
Project Planning Phase • Organize and staff the project • Develop a Project Plan • Sign off on the Project Plan
Project Execution Phase • Execute the Project Plan • Manage the Project Plan • Implement the project’s results • Sign off on project’s completion
Project controlling Phase To keep the project on track in order to achieve its objectives as outlined in the project plan by: • Monitoring and reporting variances • Controlling scope changes • Controlling schedule changes • Controlling costs • Controlling quality • Responding to risks
Project Close-out Phase • Document the lessons learned during the project • After-implementation review • Provide performance feedback • Close-out contracts • Complete administrative close-out • Deliver project completion report