Parts of Speech

1. Parts of Speech

2. Verbs • They either show action or link a subject to the rest of the sentence

3. Action Verbs • Most often show physical action such as talked, freezes, jump, arrives, and threw • Can also show mental action (i.e. remember, considered, thinks, realizes, and learns)

4. Example Action Verbs • Nearly 10% of Americans dress their pets in Halloween costumes • Nearly 90% of Americans consider pets in Halloween costumes ridiculous

5. Linking Verbs • Link the subject to a noun, pronoun, or an adjective that it describes it. • The most common linking verbs are the forms of “be,” which are: am, is, was, were, and been

6. Linking Verb Examples • Jody seems fair. • Debbie appears a bit stressed with paperwork. • Zach is a good juggler.

7. Tricky Linking Verbs • Smells • The coach smells funny (linking verb) (telling something about the subject) • The coach smells the stinky student (action verb)

8. Tricky Linking Verb • The cashmere feels soft (Linking verb) • I feel the glass gently so I don’t cut myself (action verb)

9. Tricky linking Verbs • Looks • Taste

10. Helping Verbs • Sometimes a verb needs the help of one or more other verbs to precisely express the meaning intended.

11. Helping Verbs • Have, has, had • Do, does, did • Shall, should • Will, would • May, might • Can, could • Must • Ought

12. Helping Verb • Be, am, is, are, was, were, been • If linking with –ingform • If linking with past participle (-ed) • Examples: • I am dancing • We were escorted out of the concert

13. A verb ending in “ing” cannot stand alone! • It is not a complete verb alone. • Wrong: I running • Right: I am running • Wrong: Escaping from the dreary classroom • Right: Escaping from the dreary classroom, I found freedom. • Right: I amescaping from the dreary classroom

14. Complete Verbs • The complete verb, including helping verbs, might consist of two, three, or four words

15. Example of Complete verbs • Sarah has not been working at TMP very long. • All gondolas in Venice, Italy, must be painted black, unless they belong to high government officials.

16. PracticeAnswers 1. Daft Punk’s “Get Lucky” from the album Random Access Memories hasbecome a best seller in more than 30 countries. (H) (L) 2. Matthew Brady, one of America’s earliest photographers, is remembered for his famous Civil War photographs. (H) (A, PP) 3. Earth istraveling through space at 660,000 miles per hour. (H) (A, G) (H) (A, PP) 4. Silly Putty wascreated accidentally in 1945 by workers at the General Electric Corporation.

17. HW Answers Continued 5. In spite of everything, our coach appears confident of victory in tonight’s game. (L) (H) (A, PP) 6. Red blood cells arecreated in a person’s bone marrow at the rate of 120 million per minute. 7. Jordan Belfort, the real-life “Wolf of Wall Street,” served 22 months in a federal prison. (A, PP) 8. Natalie Portman hasbeenpublished in two scientific journals. (H) (L, PP) (A, PP)

18. HW Answers 9. Quotation marks shouldbeused to enclose the exact words of a speaker. (H) (H/L) (A,PP) (A) (H) (A, PP) (A) 10. Legislation waspassed during World War I to make it illegal to say “gesundheit.” (A) 11. The poem “OCD” by Neil Hillborn, a National Poetry Slam Champion, has had more than 5 million views on YouTube. (H) (H/L) (A, PP) 12. “Wild Bill” Cody presented the first Wild West Show in North Platte, Nebraska, as part of a Fourth of July celebration in 1883.

19. HW Answers (A) 13. Men get hiccups more often than women. (A) • Duck Dynasty receives more mentions on Facebook than any other TV series. • The composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart waswriting music at the age of five. (H) (A, G)