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Endocrine System: Glands, Hormones, and Functions

Explore the key components of the endocrine system, including ductless glands, hormones, and their specific functions. Learn about glands like the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and reproductive glands, their locations, and hormone secretion. Discover how these glands regulate bodily processes and maintain balance.

jburkley
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Endocrine System: Glands, Hormones, and Functions

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  1. THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Its Parts and Functions

  2. Gland & Hormone Chart Add these…

  3. Nervous System - body control NERVE IMPULSES Endocrine System - body regulator HORMONES

  4. What is a GLAND? It is an organ that develops a secretion which performs specific functions.

  5. The Endocrine System Is made up of ductless glands. “Ductless” means without tubes

  6. HORMONES • Comes from the Greek word which means “to arouse” • Are chemical messengers formed from substances taken from the blood. • They circulate throughout the body & exert specific effects on tissues, organs or other glands located some distance away from the cells that secrete them.

  7. Our body needs a certain hormone at one time , but not at all times. (ex. Fireman’s adrenaline rush) Your endocrine glands does not release hormones continuously. There are signals within the body that tell each gland to secrete hormones. There are also some signals that tell the gland to stop.

  8. PINEAL POSTERIOR PITUITARY ANTERIOR PITUITARY THYROID THYMUS ADRENALS PANCREAS OVARIES TESTIS (es)

  9. Pituitary Gland LOCATION: found at the base of the brain DESCRIPTION: called the “master gland” because it controls most of the other endocrine glands.

  10. The pituitary gland has two lobes: The Anterior and Posterior

  11. Hormones Secreted by the Posterior Pituitary

  12. Hormones Released by the Anterior Pituitary • 12 year old boy • Measure 6-5 • Oversecreation of growth hormone • Occurs during childhood • Acromegaly • Occurs in adults • Bones of hands face and feet are enlarged • Do to the release of growth hormone.

  13. Thyroid Gland LOCATION: at the base of the neck (just below the larynx DESCRIPTION: soft, brownish-red organ shaped like a butterfly.

  14. Not enough iodine in the diet (iodine defiance) Causes swelling of the thyroid gland Goiter

  15. Goiter

  16. Parathyroid Gland LOCATION: attached to the back of the thyroid gland DESCRIPTION: 2 pairs of pea-sized glands

  17. Parathyroid

  18. Adrenal Glands LOCATION: found above the kidneys DESCRIPTION: cone-shaped glands

  19. Testes LOCATION: near the penis DESCRIPTION: pair of glands that functions to produce sperm cells.

  20. TESTES

  21. Ovaries LOCATION: located on one side of the uterus DESCRIPTION: pair of glands that functions to produce egg cells/ova.

  22. OVARIES

  23. Pineal Glands LOCATION: found near the base of the brain DESCRIPTION: outgrowth of the brain

  24. Thymus Glands LOCATION: located in the upper part of the chest, below the neck DESCRIPTION: consists of 2 lobes

  25. Pancreas LOCATION: lies behind the stomach DESCRIPTION: elongated & tapers at one end

  26. Undersecretion of insulin. High blood sugar Diabetes

  27. Summary • Some endocrine glands perform only hormonal functions. Others are mixed glands. They produce hormones and perform other functions as well. • Each part of the endocrine system produces different hormones that affect other parts of the body.

  28. Quiz Write TRUE if the statement is true . If the statement is FALSE, change the underlined word or phrase to make it true. ______1. The parts of the endocrine system are not connected to one another. ______2. Endocrine glands are ductlessglands. ______3. The endocrine system controls the body through nerve impulses. ______4. Oversecretion of the growth hormone causes dwarfism. ______5. Insulin lowers the amount of calciumin the blood.

  29. ______6. When blood sugar level is low, glucagon raises it. ______7. The testes produces estrogen. ______8. The hormone that stimulates the body for fight or flight is thymosin. ______9. The body’s biological clock is stimulated by melatonin produced by the pineal gland. ______10. The menstrual cycle in females is stimulated by testosterone and progesterone.

  30. ASSIGNMENT Research for pictures of people who have DISORDERS of Endocrine System. Name the disorder and paste it on your notebook.

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