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Probing nuclear symmetry energy with nucleon collective flow

Probing nuclear symmetry energy with nucleon collective flow. W. Trautmann GSI Helmholtzzentrum, Darmstadt, Germany. Cozma et al. Russotto et al. International Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics and Thermodynamics Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas August 19-22, 2013.  =1.5.  =0.5.

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Probing nuclear symmetry energy with nucleon collective flow

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  1. Probing nuclear symmetry energy with nucleon collective flow W. Trautmann GSI Helmholtzzentrum, Darmstadt, Germany Cozma et al. Russotto et al. International Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics and Thermodynamics Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas August 19-22, 2013

  2. =1.5 =0.5 the symmetry energy EA(ρ,δ) = EA(ρ,0) + Esym(ρ) ∙ δ2 + O(δ4) parameterization in transport theory: UrQMD, Q.F. Li et al. asymmetry parameter δ = (ρn–ρp)/ρ linear supersoft ρ/ρ0 Fuchs and Wolter, EPJA 30 (2006) nuclear many-body theory Esym = Esympot+Esymkin L = 3ρo·dEsym/dρ at ρ=ρ0 = 22 MeV·(ρ/ρ0)γ+12 MeV·(ρ/ρ0)2/3 γ L (MeV) 0.5 57 1.0 90 1.5 123

  3. the symmetry energy EA(ρ,δ) = EA(ρ,0) + Esym(ρ) ∙ δ2 + O(δ4) parameterization in transport theory: MDI, Chen et al. asymmetry parameter δ = (ρn–ρp)/ρ Fuchs and Wolter, EPJA 30 (2006) nuclear many-body theory force developed by Das, Das Gupta, Gale, and Bao-An Li, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 034611 with explicit momentum dependence in the isovector part

  4. (elliptic flow, squeeze-out)) high density: elliptic flow differential:neutrons vs. protons t vs. 3He, 7Li vs 7Be, ... UrQMD:significant sensitivity predicted; neutron vs. proton elliptic flows inverted reanalysis of FOPI-LAND data Au+Au @ 400 MeV per nucleon: γpot = 0.9 ± 0.4 from n-H ratios Russotto, Wu, Zoric, Chartier, Leifels, Lemmon, Li, Łukasik, Pagano, Pawłowski, Trautmann, PLB 697 (2011) 471 Trautmann and Wolter, IJMPE 21 (2012) Russotto et al., EPJA special volume, submitted (directed flow) v2 second azim. Fourier coeff.

  5. high density: elliptic flow UrQMD: Qingfeng Li et al. differential:neutrons vs. protons t vs. 3He, 7Li vs 7Be, ... UrQMD:significant sensitivity predicted; neutron vs. proton elliptic flows inverted reanalysis of FOPI-LAND data Au+Au @ 400 MeV per nucleon: γpot = 0.9 ± 0.4 from n-H ratios Russotto, Wu, Zoric, Chartier, Leifels, Lemmon, Li, Łukasik, Pagano, Pawłowski, Trautmann, PLB 697 (2011) 471 Trautmann and Wolter, IJMPE 21 (2012) Russotto et al., EPJA special volume, submitted 0.25 < b0 < 0.45 ard oft data: Reisdorf et al., NPA (2012) graphics by Y. Leifels

  6. FOPI/LAND experiment main yield here acceptance in pt vs. rapidity SB: shadow bar for background measurement Forward Wall for centrality and reaction-plane orientation SB Large Area Neutron Detector LAND 2 LAND 1 5 m neutron squeeze-out: Y. Leifels et al., PRL 71, 963 (1993)

  7. results from FOPI/LAND Experiment =1.5 linear =0.5 =1.5 =0.5 neutron/hydrogen FP1: γ = 1.01 ± 0.21 FP2: γ = 0.98 ± 0.35 neutron/proton FP1: γ = 0.99 ± 0.28 FP2: γ = 0.85 ± 0.47 adopted: γ = 0.9 ± 0.4

  8. parameterizations in UrQMD Medium modifications (FU1, …) and momentum dependence (FP1, …)of nucleon-nucleon elastic Xsections v2 40% larger with FP2 small effect on ratios =ρ/ρ0 Qingfeng Li et al., Phys. Rev. C 83, 044617 (2011)

  9. analysis with Tübingen QMD*) M.D. Cozma, PLB 700, 139 (2011) difference of neutron and proton squeeze-outs Au + Au @ 400 A MeV conclusion: super-soft not compatible with FOPI-LAND data iso-soft iso-stiff steps towards model invariance: tested in UrQMD: FP1 vs. FP2, i.e. momentum dep. of NNECS tested in T-QMD: soft vs. hard compressibility K density dependence of NNECS asymmetry dependence of NNECS width L of nucleon wave packet can this be done more systematically? bands show uncertainty due to isoscalar field “soft to hard” *) V.S. Uma Maheswari, C. Fuchs, Amand Faessler, L. Sehn, D.S. Kosov, Z. Wang, NPA 628 (1998)

  10. more systematic parameter test with Tübingen QMD*) M.D. Cozma et al., arXiv:1305.5417 elliptic flow ratio and difference Au + Au @ 400 A MeV conclusion: super-soft not compatible with FOPI-LAND data steps towards model invariance: tested in UrQMD: FP1 vs. FP2, i.e. momentum dep. of NNECS tested in T-QMD: soft vs. hard 190<K<280 MeV density dependence of NNECS asymmetry dependence of NNECS wave packet 2.5<L<7.0 fm2 optical potential momentum dep. of isovector potential superstiff supersoft *) V.S. Uma Maheswari, C. Fuchs, Amand Faessler, L. Sehn, D.S. Kosov, Z. Wang, NPA 628 (1998)

  11. parameter test with Tübingen QMD*) M.D. Cozma et al., arXiv:1305.5417 elliptic flow ratio and difference Au + Au @ 400 A MeV conclusion: super-soft not compatible with FOPI-LAND data steps towards model invariance: tested in UrQMD: FP1 vs. FP2, i.e. momentum dep. of NNECS tested in T-QMD: soft vs. hard 190<K<280 MeV density dependence of NNECS asymmetry dependence of NNECS wave packet 2.5<L<7.0 fm2 optical potential momentum dep. of isovector potential superstiff supersoft *) V.S. Uma Maheswari, C. Fuchs, Amand Faessler, L. Sehn, D.S. Kosov, Z. Wang, NPA 628 (1998)

  12. parameter tests with Tübingen QMD and UrQMD M.D. Cozma et al., arXiv:1305.5417 elliptic-flow ratio and difference Au + Au @ 400 A MeV averaged result: x = -1.0±1.0 L = 106±46 MeV Cozma et al. Russotto et al. for comparison with IBUU04 see Qingfeng Li et al., arXiv:1306.4783[nucl-th]

  13. Asy-Eos experiment S394 in May 2011 studied reactions: 197Au + 197Au @ 400 A MeV 96Ru + 96Ru @ 400 A MeV 96Zr + 96Zr @ 400 A MeV CHIMERA, ALADIN Tof-wall, μ-ball,for impact parameter orientation and modulus

  14. CHIMERA LAND beam Kraków hodoscope ALADiN ToF-Wall CHIMERA

  15. CHIMERA LAND beam KraTTA (see NIMA) ALADiN ToF-Wall neutron flow at mid-rapidity

  16. CHIMERA LAND a first preliminary result Russotto (INPC 2013) γ = 0.9 ± 0.6 0.35 < y < 0.55 b < 7.5 fm beam neutron flow at mid-rapidity

  17. summary and outlook • high-densities probed in reactions at SIS energies; • γpot = 0.9 ± 0.4 from FOPI/LAND elliptic flow (2011); • super-soft ruled out; studies of model invariance under way; • analysis of ASY-EOS experiment in progress! • kaon and pion ratios interesting probes but results presently inconclusive: new activity at RIKEN (Samurai) and MSU; • HADES kaon data for Ar+KCl and Au+Au potentially useful; • new model studies for kaon ratios? • future: PREX and CREX in 2015 • heavier neutron stars and smaller radii? • tidal polarizability of neutron stars via gravitational waves?? • FAIR operating in 2019?

  18. present outlook on FAIR NeuLAND

  19. high density: isotopic particle (double) ratios FOPI data π-/ π+ ratio K+/K0 ratio Reisdorf et al., NPA 781 (2007) PRC (2007) Au+Au static calc. for infinite nucl. matter HIC 40Ca+40Ca • HIC scenario: • - fast neutron emission (mean field) • NN=>NΔ threshold effects • nn=>pΔ- (no chemical equilibrium) • see, e.g., di Toro et al., J.Phys.G (2010) Ferini et al. (RMF) stiffer for ratio up Xiao et al. (IBUU) softer “ Feng & Jin (ImIQMD) stiffer “ Xie et al. (ImIBL) softer “ consequence: extremely stiff (soft) solutions

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