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THE EUROPEAN STATE IN THE RENAISSANCE

THE EUROPEAN STATE IN THE RENAISSANCE. In the 2 nd half of 15 th century states and monarchs began to work to restore their kingdoms and central authority of the state Renaissance Monarchs – “new monarchies” Some in western Europe succeeded in extending and restoring political authority

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THE EUROPEAN STATE IN THE RENAISSANCE

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  1. THE EUROPEAN STATE IN THE RENAISSANCE • In the 2nd half of 15th century states and monarchs began to work to restore their kingdoms and central authority of the state • Renaissance Monarchs – “new monarchies” • Some in western Europe succeeded in extending and restoring political authority • Kingdoms in eastern Europe were weak and failed to impose their authority

  2. THE GROWTH OF THE FRENCH MONARCHY • France after the 100 Years’ War • depopulated • ruined economy • out of control nobles • Louis XI – the spider -> wily and devious • used the taille as permanent source of royal revenue • Struggle with Charles the Bold of Burgundy • Gained and brought more territories under royal control • Created the base for the later dev of a strong French monarcy

  3. ENGLAND: CIVIL WAR AND A NEW MONARCHY • THE WAR OF THE ROSES • HENRY VII and THE TUDOR DYNASTY • THE COURT OF THE STAR CHAMBER HENRY VII – THE FIRST TUDOR MONARCH OF ENGLAND

  4. THE UNIFICATION OF SPAIN • THE MOORS • THE RECONQUISTA • ISABELLA OF CASTILE AND FERDINAND OF ARAGON • THE SPANISH INQUISITION NEW MONARCHS IN SPAIN

  5. THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE: THE SUCCESS OF THE HABSBURGS • Holy Roman Empire/Germany -> failure to develop strong monarchy • The House of Habsburg -> originally princes of Austria -> gain control and title of Holy Roman Emperor • The Habsburgs gained their lands and power through marriages • Maximillian + Mary of Burgundy - > the low countries • Philip + Joanna of Castile -> Spain • Charles V inherits -> German lands, low countries, Spain, and southern Italy

  6. HABSBURG HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR CHARLES V

  7. THE STRUGGLE FOR STRONG MONARCHY IN EASTERN • Poland • Triumph of the nobles over the monarch • Peasantry pushed back into serfdom • Made the monarchy elected • Failure to establish strong royal authority • Bohemia • Hungary • Russia • Under the control of the mongols • Princes of Moscow increase their power and lands • Ivan III -> creates the Principality of Moscow and throws off the control of the Mongols by 1480

  8. THE OTTOMAN TURKS AND THE END OF THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE • The Greek Byzantine Empire had served as a buffer/wall between the Muslim East and the Latin Christian West • The Ottoman Turks conquered the Byzantine Empire and in 1453 they take the city of Constantinople • The Ottomans move into the Balkans -> begin to threaten Hungary, Bohemia, Austria

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