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HISTORY REVISION 1945-1949

HISTORY REVISION 1945-1949. By: Juliana, Nicholas, Nicole. The Last Years of the British Mandate. There was a committee created to try to solve the Arab/Jewish conflict. Atmosphere of terror – Jews could not continue in that way. Holocaust going on (WW2) Jewish Terrorism

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HISTORY REVISION 1945-1949

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  1. HISTORY REVISION1945-1949 By: Juliana, Nicholas, Nicole

  2. The Last Years of the British Mandate • There was a committee created to try to solve the Arab/Jewish conflict. • Atmosphere of terror – Jews could not continue in that way. • Holocaust going on (WW2) • Jewish Terrorism • June 1946 – operation Agatha: control/reduction of military capacity to Jews (British). • July 1946 – Irgun operation on King David Hotel • Jews get tired of helping Britain in WW2. • Zionists come in.

  3. International pressure • US wants more Jew refugees to go into Palestine; at first Britain does not agree. • Soon they entered World criticism • Morrison-Grady plan: failure. • October 1946 – Truman announces support for a Jewish statehood. • Arabs & Jews did not want to accept any proposals. • October 1947 – British decide to hand the case to the United Nations (end of mandate) • Could not afford it after WW2 • After 30 years in charge…

  4. UN Partition Plan • UNSCOP = United Nations Special Committee on Palestine. • November 1947 – UN votes for partition • Division of Palestine: 1 side for the Jews, another for the Arabs. • Criss-cross arrangement (they believed it would work) • Arabs rejected the idea – Jews had most of the land • Western powers should find another area for the Jews. • Jews accepted it • Many were still unhappy because they didn’t have the Holy city of Jerusalem.

  5. UN Partition Plan

  6. The Break of Civil War • After partition, there were many Arab/Jewish confrontations. • Massacres • Syria and Iraq interfering • Haganah – organized Jewish defense forces • April 1948 – DierYassin Massacre • Many Arabs fled Palestine because of the fear. • May 1948 – British final withdrawal.

  7. Establishment of Israel & Arab Response • “Final” decision: Partition. • May 14th 1948 – Israel State Proclaimed • Arabs immediately declare their opposition (Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt, Syria, and Iraq) • Declared holy war (jihad) • Wanted to create the United state of Palestine • Started with village attacks and terrorism. • However, the Arabs were very disorganized and unprepared. • Only Arab Legion was efficient

  8. 1948-1949 War • Israelis were more well prepared • Fought for years • With the UN truce, they were able to get more weapons (1948) • Arabs had gained some territory and the Old City of Jerusalem – but soon lost it again. • Fighting resumed on August and halted in the end of 1948. • Israelis advanced, isolating Egyptian forces on 1949. • They would not return the conquered territory • Ceasefire; armistice done, but not peace.

  9. Vocabulary to keep in mind… • Irgun • Zionists • Holocaust • Refugees • Partition • Haganah

  10. Bibliography • Morris, Benny. Righteous Victims. New York: Vintage Books, 1999. • Scott-Baumann, Michael. Conflict In The Middle East: Israel And The Arabs. London: Hodder Education, 1998.

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