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STUFF MOVING: FORCES and Forces of Nature

STUFF MOVING: FORCES and Forces of Nature. Chapters 9 + 17. Be Prepared to be. BLOWN AWAY By how much you already know about physical science! (a little hurricane humor). If a hockey puck sits on the ice…. Will it start moving? If it starts moving, will it stop moving?

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STUFF MOVING: FORCES and Forces of Nature

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  1. STUFF MOVING:FORCES and Forces of Nature Chapters 9 + 17

  2. Be Prepared to be BLOWN AWAY By how much you already know about physical science! (a little hurricane humor)

  3. If a hockey puck sits on the ice…. • Will it start moving? • If it starts moving, will it stop moving? • Would it be harder to stop a normal puck or a 100X bigger puck? • What would happen to your stick if you hit the bigger puck?

  4. Why do things move + stop?

  5. Why (else) do things move?

  6. When things move: • Tend to go from ___________ to __________ • Unless acted on by a force • Ex’s

  7. That’s your overview of 8th grade science • The rest is specifics • Can you apply those ideas to things you remember from 7th grade? • Cell membranes • Photosynthesis • Cellular respiration • Protein synthesis • Humans

  8. Ch 9: Heat and States of MatterThings we need to know (some is review) • Kinetic Theory: matter (stuff the Earth is made of) is comprised of particles (atoms, molecules, and ions) that are always in random motion • Random: • Moving, so have ____________ • Collisions:

  9. Temperature/Thermal Energy/Heat • What’s the difference? • Temperature • Thermal energy • Heat • Specific heat

  10. States of Matter

  11. Changing States of Matter Thermal expansion

  12. Energy FlowEnergy (heat) flows from____ to _____ Convection Conduction Radiation

  13. REVIEW: Polarity of water • Atoms want to have ____ electrons • H has _ electron, will tend to give it away to have a ____ charge • O has ___ electrons will tend to take to have a ___ charge

  14. Some effects of the polarity of water • Cohesive (sticks to other water molecules) • Affects other substances • Affects crystal form of ice

  15. Ch 17: Weather and Climate • Plants need _____ for photosynthesis • Most organisms need ___ for cellular respiration • All the gasses in the air are together called the __________________________: • Gasses stay close to Earth because of _________________ • Stronger closer to Earth, so more gas molecules

  16. Layers of the Atmosphere

  17. Stuff in the atmosphere • Ozone • Heat: originally from________ • radiation • From Sun • Back from Earth • Absorption • Seasons: • Different surfaces:

  18. Stuff in the atmosphere: Water • Greenhouse gas • Clouds • Part of the water cycle • Different kinds associated with different weather

  19. Water cycle (why work? KE, polarity, g)

  20. Wind- why does air move? • The Earth moves • Convection currents • Air Pressure and Pressure Differences

  21. Global Winds:convection currents, Earth’s rotation, +friction

  22. High and Low Pressure systems • Lots of air sinking, because it’s cooling = more molecules in air = ____________ pressure • Lots of air rising, because it’s warmer = less molecules in air = _____________ pressure

  23. High + Low systems, air flow Things tend to move from _____ to ________ 1. Causes winds when large masses of air move from a large H to a large L 2. Around a high or low, air will move ________ a H and _________ from a L 3. Revolution of the Earth causes flowing air around a H or L to bend = Coriolis Effect

  24. This is a lot of background info, when do we get to the hurricane stuff? • Now--- or rather, Saturday, August 27 • Hurricane Irene

  25. Extreme Weather • Thunderstorms • Hail • Tornados

  26. Hurricanes • http://www.brainpop.com/science/weatherandclimate/ • http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/sevweath/swhoware.html • Hurricanes form over _________ water with lots of evaporation. Kind of like a super __________ pressure system • http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/sevweath/swdamage.html • Hurricane damage is usually from: the hurricane force wind, __________, __________, or ________________ formed by the hurricane • http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hurr/mvmt.rxml • Hurricanes move along usual global wind pathways, but lose power if they travel over land or into _________water

  27. Climate • Interactions between: • Biosphere • Atmosphere • Cryosphere • Hydrosphere • Lithosphere

  28. Climatic differences • Latitude • Prevailing winds • Precipitation

  29. Climatic differences • Oceans (and where they are wrt winds) • Mountains

  30. Changing Climates • Seasonal changes • Long Term changes

  31. Global warming • Sunspot cycles • CO2 in the atmosphere + carbon cycle • Ozone hole

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