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Architectural History

Architectural History. Architectural Forms. Post and Lintel Arch Vault Dome Gothic Arch. Post and Lintel . Vertical Posts or Columns Horizontal Beam (Lintel) Short Spans Large Number of Posts or Columns Egyptians Greeks Romans. Arch. Easier to Construct Than Post and Lintel

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Architectural History

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  1. Architectural History

  2. Architectural Forms • Post and Lintel • Arch • Vault • Dome • Gothic Arch

  3. Post and Lintel • Vertical Posts or Columns • Horizontal Beam (Lintel) • Short Spans • Large Number of Posts or Columns • Egyptians • Greeks • Romans

  4. Arch • Easier to Construct Than Post and Lintel • Use Smaller Lighter Stones • Greater Spans • Keystone (Wedge-shaped) • Locks Other Stones Together • Tend to Spread at Bottom

  5. Vault • Series of Arches • Forms Continuous Arched Covering

  6. Dome • Refinement of Arch • Series of Arches Connected Together • Viewed as Symbol of Power • Churches and Cathedrals • Government Buildings

  7. Gothic Arch • Variation of Arch • Middle Ages • Pointed Top Instead of Smooth Curve • Vertical Lines Emphasize Height • Flying Buttress Added to Counteract Spread • Support Without Added Thickness • Larger Openings Possible

  8. Architectural Styles Influences on American Architecture

  9. English • High-Pitched Roofs • Multiple Gables • Massive Chimneys • Half-Timber Siding • Small Windows • Exterior Stone Walls

  10. English

  11. English Tudor

  12. French • Steep Pitch Hip Roofs • Long Windows • Curved Lintels • Towers • Small Overhangs • Mansard Roofs

  13. French

  14. French Provincial

  15. Mediterranean Style • Spanish Style • Arches • Low-Pitched Roofs • Ceramic Tile Roofs • Stucco Exterior • Open Courtyard • Wrought Iron Trim

  16. Spanish

  17. Mediterranean Style Continued • Italian • Columns and Arches at Entrance • Loggia (Open Passage Covered by Roof) • Classical Moldings Around Windows

  18. Italian

  19. Early American Styles

  20. New England Colonial • Cape Cod • One-and-One-Half Story • Gable Roof • Central Front Entrance • Symmetrical Style • Small Windows • Shutters • Enclosed Breezeways

  21. Cape Cod

  22. Mid-Atlantic Colonial • Formal • Massive • Ornate • Columns • Greek and Roman Influences • Typically Two Story

  23. Mid-Atlantic Colonial

  24. Dutch Colonial • German and Dutch Influences • Gambrel Roofs • One-and-One-Half Story

  25. Dutch Colonial

  26. Southern Colonial • Large Porches or Verandas • Symmetrical • Columns • Large Windows • Greek and Roman Influences

  27. Southern Colonial

  28. Victorian • Ornate Gingerbread Decorations • Finials • Lintels • Parapets) • English Influence • Balconies

  29. Victorian

  30. Ranch • Single Story • Spread Horizontally Rather Than Vertically • Spanish Influence

  31. Southwestern Ranch

  32. Contemporary Styles • New Building Materials • Plastic • Glass • Concrete • Aluminum • Lighter • Stronger • Easier to Form Into Shapes

  33. Contemporary Styles Continued • New Construction Methods • Skeleton Frame • Poured Concrete • Modular

  34. Contemporary

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