1 / 13

Types of peasant dwellings: Isolated farmsteads: in-field and out-field cultivation

Types of peasant dwellings: Isolated farmsteads: in-field and out-field cultivation Nucleated villages: open-field farming Diet of grain-based products supplemented with other foods (pork, fruit, fish, etc.). “ Agricultural Revolution, ” 10th-11th c.

jaquelyn-porter
Download Presentation

Types of peasant dwellings: Isolated farmsteads: in-field and out-field cultivation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Types of peasant dwellings: Isolated farmsteads: in-field and out-field cultivation Nucleated villages: open-field farming Diet of grain-based products supplemented with other foods (pork, fruit, fish, etc.)

  2. “Agricultural Revolution,” 10th-11th c. Rise in population from 10th-13th c. Improved nutrition Cultivating more land More women surviving to bear children End of attacks from outside Diminishing use of slavery

  3. “Agricultural Revolution,” 10th-11th c. Rise in agricultural productivity from 10th c. on End of attacks from outside Use of three-field system, especially in N. Europe Improved use of animal power Increase in amount of land cultivated

  4. “Agricultural Revolution,” 10th-11th c. Two-field system (600 acres): Cultivating 300 acres per year

  5. “Agricultural Revolution,” 10th-11th c. Three-field system (600 acres): Cultivating 400 acres per year

  6. Growth of Towns, 10th-11th c. Various reasons suggested: Around castles for protection Around markets and merchant settlements Around bishoprics, monasteries, palaces with royal support (Germany) Mix of commerce, production, centres of learning (Muslim Spain)

  7. Growth of Towns, 10th-11th c. Various reasons suggested: Around markets, with royal support, also around strongholds, religious centres, production centres (eastern Europe) Most cities of about 5,000 people, but others reaching c. 40,000 (London, Bruges, Ghent); 100,000 (Venice, Florence, Genoa, Naples); 200,000 (Constantinople)

  8. Growth of Towns, 10th-11th c. Most towns seeking freedom from servile obligations Town charters usually granting: 1. Freedom of inhabitants 2. Lands and buildings (tenements) held as burgage tenure 3. Security of property from seizure

  9. Expansion of Trade from 11th c. Various factors involved: Technological advances in sea-based travel and warfare Prosperous bases on land, enabling effective military action, e.g. conquest of Corsica and Sardinia by Genoese and Pisans, conquest of Sicily by Normans

  10. Map Link: Europe and the Byzantine Empire about 1000: <http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd_1911/ shepherd-c-058-059.jpg> Map Link: Europe and the Mediterranean Lands about 1097: <http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd/ europe_mediterranean_1097.jpg>

  11. Expansion of Trade from 11th c. Various factors involved: Lack of limitation by Muslims or Byzantines Distances across which traders prepared to travel or send goods

  12. El Cid Rodrigo (or Ruy) Díaz de Vivar (Al-Sayyid/ El Cid, El Campeador, c. 1043-99) Member of Castilian nobility, is exiled in 1081 Fights for various Muslim and Christian rulers 1094 Takes Valencia, rules there until death

  13. El Cid El Cantar de mío Cid (“The Song of my Lord”) Earliest manuscript from 14th c., copy of manuscript from 12th c. transcribed by Per Abbat

More Related