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Flashcards for Unit 13

Learn about kinetics, the branch of chemistry that measures the speed or rate of chemical reactions. Explore topics such as potential energy diagrams, activated complex, collision theory, factors influencing reaction rate, and the role of catalysts.

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Flashcards for Unit 13

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  1. Flashcards for Unit 13 Kinetics

  2. Kinetics Branch of chemistry measuring the speed or rate of chemical reactions

  3. Potential Energy diagrams for reactions Hill diagrams! Don’t just show the net change. They show how the enthalpy changes over the entire reaction.

  4. Endo: starts low, ends high Endo or Exo?

  5. Exo: starts high, ends low Endo or Exo?

  6. Activated Complex Reactants Products Identify reactants, products, activated complex

  7. Potential energy of reactants Identify the arrow

  8. Activation energy of forward rxn Identify the arrow

  9. Heat of reaction Identify the arrow

  10. Activation energy of reverse reaction Identify the arrow

  11. Potential energy of activated complex Identify the arrow

  12. Potential energy of products Identify the arrow

  13. Collision Theory Effective collisions between reacting particles must occur for a reaction to take place.

  14. Effective Collisions Energetic Favorable Orientation

  15. Rate of reaction The speed of the reaction. The faster it occurs, the greater the rate.

  16. 6 Factors that influence the rate of reaction Nature of reactants (ionic or covalent) Temperature Concentration Pressure (for gases) Surface area (for heterogeneous reactions) Presence of a catalyst

  17. Raising the temperature increases the reaction rate by Increasing both the number of collisions and the efficiency of the collisions.

  18. As the concentrations of the reactants , the rate of rxn … increases

  19. As the pressure of a gas-phase reactant , the rate of rxn … Increases.

  20. More surface area Which 4.0-gram Zn sample will react faster with acid, and why? Lump Bar Powdered Sheet metal

  21. How does a catalyst work? Provides an alternate reaction pathway with a lower activation energy.

  22. Does a catalyst change H? NO.

  23. Which reacts faster: ions in solution or covalent molecules? Ions in solution.

  24. Which reacts faster in water: 1 cm3 of Na or 1 cm3 of Ca? 1 cm3 of Na - Nature of the metals

  25. Which is usually slower, an organic reaction or an inorganic reaction? Organic, because organic particles contain covalent bonds.

  26. Lowers the activation energy. Effect of a catalyst?

  27. Potential energy of reactants Identify the arrow

  28. Activation energy of forward rxn Identify the arrow

  29. Activation energy of reverse rxn Identify the arrow

  30. Potential energy of activated complex Identify the arrow

  31. Heat of reaction Identify the arrow

  32. Potential energy of products Identify the arrow

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