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Diabetes

Diabetes. Prevalence of Diabetes. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in school-aged children, affecting about 200,000 young people in the United States. 19,000 youth are diagnosed with both type1 and type 2 diabetes each year.

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Diabetes

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  1. Diabetes

  2. Prevalence of Diabetes • Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in school-aged children, affecting about 200,000 young people in the United States. • 19,000 youth are diagnosed with both type1 and type 2 diabetes each year. • This means as a School Social Worker you will at some point in your career work with a student who has diabetes. National Diabetes Education Program (2010) Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/youth_schoolguide.pdf

  3. Diabetes Mellitus • is a serious chronic condition that occurs when the body can't use glucose (sugar) normally due to the bodies inability to produce insulin (type 1) or utilize the insulin properly (type 2). • is the sixth leading cause of death by disease in the United States. • must be managed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. • doesn’t have a cure…yet! http://www.kidshealth.org

  4. Type 1(formerly called insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes) Type 1 diabetes results when the pancreas loses its ability to make the hormone insulin. In type 1 diabetes, the person's own immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Once those cells are destroyed, they won't ever make insulin again. http://www.kidshealth.org

  5. Type 2 (formerly called non-insulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes) Type 2 diabetes results from the body's inability to respond to insulin normally. Unlike people with type 1 diabetes, most people with type 2 diabetes can still produce insulin, but not enough to meet their body's needs. http://www.kidshealth.org

  6. Long Term Complications • Heart Disease, Stroke, Blindness, Kidney Failure, Nerve Disease, Gum Disease, Amputation of leg or foot • Complications can be delayed or prevented with good blood glucose management. National Diabetes Education Program (2010) Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/youth_schoolguide.pdf

  7. Early Symptoms of Diabetes • Frequent urination • Extreme thirst • Unexplained weight loss • Bedwetting • Tired, sluggish http://www.kidshealth.org

  8. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Chemicals called ketones can build up in the child's blood and cause stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, fruity-smelling breath, breathing problems, and even loss of consciousness. This is a serious life threatening situation that requires hospitalization. http://www.kidshealth.org

  9. Blood Glucose Control Hyperglycemia– A high level of glucose in the blood. High blood glucose can occur due to mismatch of insulin, food, exercise or illness or pump malfunction. • Food makes blood glucose levels go up. Hypoglycemia– A low level of glucose in the blood. Low blood glucose is most likely to occur during or after exercise, if too much insulin is present, or not enough food is consumed. • Physical activity and insulin make blood glucose go down. • Hypoglycemia can be life threatening and presents the greatest danger to people with diabetes. • All students with diabetes will need help during an emergency. School personnel must be prepared to deal with such an emergency. National Diabetes Education Program (2010) Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/youth_schoolguide.pdf National Diabetes Education Program (2010) Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/youth_schoolguide.pdf

  10. Diabetes Videos • Diabetes 101 (JDRF) • Diabetes at School • Back To School Parent Video

  11. How Social Workers Can Help • Educating themselves and others about diabetes. • Advocating in the schools for training of relevant school personnel to assist the child. • Being a resource for the child and family to address various needs. • Identifying needs in the community and providing support and advocacy for those needs to be met. • ADA - Safe at School Intro

  12. Laws Protecting Children with Diabetes at School • Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 • Prohibits recipients of Federal financial assistance from discriminating against people on the basis of disability. • Outlines a process for schools to use in determining whether a student has a disability and in determining what services a student with a disability needs. • FAPE must be provided to students identified as having a disability. • Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) • Prohibits discrimination even if no Federal funds are received • Title II – public, Title III – private, nonreligious • Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) • Example: a child with diabetes who has difficulty paying attention or concentrating due to recurring high and low BG. • IEP National Diabetes Education Program (2010) Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/youth_schoolguide.pdf

  13. Famous People With T1D Gary Hall, USA, Swimming, T1Michel Jelinski , Poland, Rowing, T1Moises Aldape, Mexico, Cycling, Rides for Team Type 1 (Non D)Sir Steve Redgrave, GBR, Rowing, T2Pam Fernandes, Paralympic, USA, Cycling, T1Barney Storey, Paralympic, GBR, Cycling, T1Vegard Stake Laengen, Norway, Cycling, Rides for Team Type 1 (Non D)Matthias Steiner, Germany, Weightlifter, T1Kevin Hansen, USA, Volleyball, T1Chris Jarvis, Canada, Rowing, T1Glen Chadwick, NZ,Cycling, Rides for Team Type 1 (Non D)

  14. Famous People With T1D • Athletes with Diabetes • Celebrities with Diabetes • Diabetes and Hollywood

  15. Bibliography Diana W. Guthrie, PhD, FAAN, BC-ADM, CDE, Christos Bartsocas, MD, Przemyslawa Jarosz-Chabot, MD, PhD and Maia Konstantinova, MD, PhD; Psychosocial Issues for Children and Adolescents With Diabetes: Overview and Recommendations doi: 10.2337/diaspect.16.1.7 Diabetes Spectrum January 2003 vol. 16 no. 1 7-12 http://spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/16/1/7.full National Diabetes Education Program (2010) Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed http://www.ndep.nih.gov/media/youth_schoolguide.pdf Lisa E. Cox, PhD, LCSW, MSW, Living With Illness – How Social Workers Help: Diabetes: Knowledge and Interventions, http://www.helpstartshere.org/health-wellness/living-with-illness-how-social-workers-help-diabetes-knowledge-and-interventions.html#intro

  16. Resources American Diabetes Association (800) 342-2383 www.diabetes.org National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (800) 860-8747 www.niddk.nih.gov Diabetes Self-Management (800) 234-0923 www.diabetesselfmanagement.com www.kidshealth.org www.jdrf.org

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