Aim: How does the circulatory system help maintain homeostasis?

1. Aim: How does the circulatory system help maintain homeostasis? Do Now: What are the main components of the circulatory system? Homework: Text Book Pg 582 – 589 Questions 1-5

2. What is the circulatory system? • This is a system that is made up of vessels and muscles (heart) that help blood flow through out the body. • As the blood flows throughout the body it delivers nutrients, hormones, and oxygen, along with removing metabolic waste (excretion) from the cells of the body. Also helps maintain body temperature.

3. Circulatory system • Parts of the system • Heart • Blood vessels • Blood

5. Heart • The heart is a muscle • It has 4 chambers • 2 Atrium – receive blood • 2 Ventricles – pump blood out to the body • All chambers are connected by valves

7. Blood Vessels • Arteries • Move blood away from the heart. • Are thick. • Can contract and expand. • Moves oxygen rich blood throughout the body.

9. Capillaries • Tiny tubes • Very thin • Allows for easy diffusion of nutrients and oxygen.

10. Veins • Bring deoxygenated blood back to the heart. • Also will carry waste products out of the body. • Example Carbon Dioxide • Very thin • Contains valves to prevent back flow

12. Aim: How does the blood play a role in cellular communication? Do Now: Read the article and answer the questions. Homework: Quiz Friday

13. Blood • The average human adult has about 5 liters of blood in their body. • Blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the body tissue. • Blood also transports carbon dioxide from the body tissue to the lungs. • *Blood can also be thought of as the bodies subway system it will transport needed materials to the body tissue to fight diseases. • *Blood will also remove waste from body tissues and pass it to the kidneys for disposal.

15. Blood • *Over half of the blood in your body is made up of plasma. • *This plasma carries platelets which are what keep you from bleeding to death. • *Platelets are your bodies way of clotting cuts to prevent further blood loss. • Your body is constantly making new blood to keep up with blood lost through age or through wounds. • *This blood is created in bone marrow.

16. Aim: what are the functions of the different components of blood? Do Now: Where is blood created within the body? Homework: Text Book Pg 603 Questions 1-13

17. Components of Blood • Plasma • Liquid part of the blood made up of water. • Carries waste, nutrients, ions, hormones, and proteins.

19. Components of blood • Red Blood Cells • They have a disk shape. • Contain no nucleus. • Contain the protein hemoglobin. • This is the iron containing pigment that binds oxygen.

21. Components of blood White blood cells are the "police" of the blood. • White Blood Cells • Larger cells with nucleus • There are several types of white blood cells • Most of these cells either engulf and destroy bacteria or they are antibodies and antigens

23. Components of blood • Platelets • Small cell particles. • Help blood coagulate. • This helps tissue build up in areas where there may be an injury.

24. Circulation

25. Malfunctions of the transport system • Cardiovascular diseases- disorders of the heart and blood vessels • High blood pressure- an increase in arterial pressure. • Causes are stress, excess sodium, smoking, heredity and age.

26. The top number is the systolic blood pressure reading. It represents the maximum pressure exerted when the heart contracts. The bottom number is the diastolic blood pressure reading. It represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest.

27. Malfunctions of the transport system • Atherosclerosis • Arteries become narrow and less elastic. • High blood pressure is related to this.

28. Aim: How do disorders in the circulatory system disrupt homeostasis? Do Now: What happens to your body if you have plaque build up in your arteries? Homework: Text Book 590 – 594 1-4 552 – 557 1-4 558 – 562 1-4

29. Malfunctions of the transport system • Angina Pectoris • Reduced blood supply to the heart • Narrowing of the coronary arteries

30. Malfunctions of the transport system • Coronary Thrombosis • Heart Attack • Complete blockage of the coronary arteries, no blood will get to muscles outside the heart. • Caused by fat/cholesterol deposits, diet and genetics.

32. Malfunctions of the transport system • Stroke • A complete blockage of the arteries that supply the brain.

33. Malfunctions of the transport system • Sickle-cell Anemia • Red blood cell is shaped like a quarter moon and does not carry enough oxygen. • Red blood cells can get caught in blood vessels causing clots or blockages of blood flow.

35. Malfunctions of the transport system • Anemia • Blood does not transport a sufficient amount of oxygen. • Reduced amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin.

36. Malfunctions of the transport system • Leukemia • A form of cancer that affects the leukocytes in a persons blood. • Uncontrolled production of non-functional whit blood cells.

38. Malfunctions of the transport system • Hemophilia • Problem with blood being able to form clots. • Causes excessive amounts of bleeding.