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Braking Methods for Electric Machines

Learn why braking electric machines is crucial - to halt motion, control speed, prevent over-speeding, and fix shaft position under load torque. Discover Regenerative, Dynamic, and Counter Current Braking techniques.

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Braking Methods for Electric Machines

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  1. 8. Braking of Electric Machines

  2. Why Braking • To stop the electric motor. • To sustain the speed of the drive system at the desired value. • To prevent the motor from over-speeding. • To hold the motor shaft at a certain position regardless of the applied load torque.

  3. 1. Regenerative Braking • When the load torque causes the machine to run at a speed > no-load speed, but without changing its direction of rotation, the motor is in regenerative braking.

  4. Speed Power Flow Power Flow T T m m w Load w Load T T load M load G Torque Fm Fm   F Fl F Fl

  5. 2. Dynamic Braking • When the motor is running, kinetic energy is stored in its rotating mass. • If the kinetic energy of the motor is dissipated in a resistive element, the motor stops.

  6. IB IA B A RB Source MOTOR B A

  7. 3. Counter Current Braking • If the the airgap field reverses its rotation, the rotor shaft must also reverse its rotation.

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