English Language Arts Level 7 #4

1. English Language ArtsLevel 7 #4

2. Today’s Objectives • Prefixes • Grammar: Parts of Speech – The Verb and the Adverb - • Sentence Building • Idiom of the Day

3. Prefixes • Prefixes: • “re-,”“again,”“backward” • “sub-”“below,”“under” • “trans-”“across,”“beyond”

4. The Prefix “re-” • “re-” a prefix, used with the meaning“again” or “again and again” to indicate repetition, or with the meaning“back” or “backward” to indicate withdrawal or backward motion.

5. Words That Begin With The Prefix “re-,” • Regenerate - to re-create, reconstitute, or make over; to revive or produce anew; bring into existence again. • Please add the new information, and regenerate a report.

6. Words That Begin With The Prefix “re-,” • Retrace: to trace backward; go back over; to go over again with the sight or attention. • I lost my keys. I will retrace my steps to find them.

7. The Prefix “sub” • “sub-”a prefix used with the meaning “under,”“below,”“beneath”“secondary,”“subordinate”

8. Words that Begin With the Prefix “sub-” • Substitute: a person or thing acting or serving in place of another. • Mrs. Jones is a substitute teacher.

9. Words that begin with the Prefix “sub-” • Subtitles: the text of words translated into another language and projected on the lower part of a movie screen. • I like to read the subtitles while watching a foreign film.

10. Words that begin with the Prefix “sub-” • Subtract: to remove (a part of a thing, quantity, etc) from the whole. • Two subtracted from four equals two.

11. The Prefix “trans-” • “trans-”a prefix used with the meaning across", "beyond" "on the opposite side” or “through”

12. Words that Begin With the Prefix “trans-” • Transact to carry on or conduct to a conclusion or settlement; to convey or remove from one place, person, etc., to another • He goes to the bank to transact business.

13. Words that Begin with the Prefix “trans-” • Transport: to carry, move, or convey from one place to another. • Big trucks transport food everyday across the country.

14. Words that Begin With the Prefix “trans-” • Translate: to turn from one language into another or from a foreign language into one's own; translate • Can you translate “love” into your language?

15. Break

16. Part 2 – Grammar: • Parts of Speech • Verbs And • Sentence Building

17. Verb Functions • Verbs Show Action • Verbs Show a State of Being Helping Verbs • Verbs Show Number • Verbs Show Time

18. The Verb in a Sentence • When diagramming a sentence, the verb is shown in the second position. There can be more than one verb in a sentence. • Subject VERB Object Noun orPronoun NounorPronoun

19. Verbs Show Action • Action verbs are verbs that describe actions and things taking place. An action verb can usually be for actions that are in progress. • ACTION VERB EXAMPLES: She bought some books. They laughed.

20. Action Verbs • These words express action, something that a person, animal, force of nature, or thing can do. As a result, we call these words action verbs. Look at the following examples:

21. Action Verbs • RUN LAUGH • EAT EXPLODE • KICK HAMMER

22. Showing the Action Verb in a Diagram • The handsome, smart boy wrote a scary, Halloween story. • boy wrote story Action Verb

23. Action Verbs List • Study the Action Verbs List and use these words in your sentences to make your writing more interesting.

24. The “to be”Verbs • The “to be” verbs have several uses in a sentence. They can be used as: • verbs, • verbs • verbs state-of-being helping linking

25. State of Being Verbs • State of Being verbs are eight verbs that describe a state that is not an action: am, is, are, Be, was, were, been being

26. State of Being • John fifteen years old. • John old is is State of being verb years fifteen

27. Helping Verbs • A helping verb is not the main verb in a sentence. It helps the main verb. Some helping verbs can stand alone. Others cannot. Have, do and be are common helping verbs.

28. Helping Verbs • To Have • I have seenmany beautiful countries. • She has won many basketball games. • They had collected many rocks.

29. Helping Verbs • To Do • I do • You do • He, She, it does • We do • They do

30. Helping Verbs • Shall/Will • I shall • You will • He, She, it will • We shall • They will

31. The Helping Verb in a Diagram • The handsome smart boy has written a scary Halloween story. • boy has written story “has” is a Helping Verb

32. Other Helping Verbs • Would, May, Could,Might • Must, Being

33. Linking Verbs • Some words can function as either a helping verb or a linking verb, but a linking verb and a helping verb are not the same thing. A linking verb stands alone as the main verb and links the subject to the predicate nominative or predicate adjective.

34. Linking Verbs • Linking verbs do not express action but connect the subject and verb to more information. Some words can function both as a linking verb and an action verb. Linking “to be” verbs • Is, am, are, was, were, be, beingbeen.

35. Linking Verb • The princess is pretty. “is” functions here as a linking verb. (princess = pretty) • princess pretty is Linking Verb

36. Did You Notice? • Did you notice that the linking verb, “is” was also a “state-of- being verb? Many of the “to be” verbs can also be used as linking verbs.

37. Assignment • Select three linking verbs from the following list. Write a short sentence using each verb. Show the subject and object connection in a diagram.

38. Other linking verbs: • taste look smell • appear grow remain • Stay turn seem • Sound prove feel • become

39. State of Being Verbs Show Time • Present tense: am, are, is. • Past tense verbs: was and were. • Future tense: will and shall

40. Verbs Show Time • Verbs show time and these times are called “tenses.” There are six main Verb Tenses: • PresentPastFuture • Present Perfect Past Perfect • Future Perfect

41. How Do Verbs Show Time? • For things happening now, we use the present tense of a verb; for something that has already happened, we use the past tense; and for something that will happen later, we use the future tense.

42. Verbs Show Time • I happy. • I happy. • I happy. Today am Yesterday was Tomorrow will be

43. Commonly Used Tenses • Present • Past • Future • Present Perfect • Past Perfect • Future Perfect • I look • You looked • He will look • She has looked • I had looked • I will have looked

44. Adding “d” or “ed” • To make some verbs show past tense we add “d” or “ed to the end of the word. These are called “Regular Verbs” • tasted looked • appeared remained • seemed smelled turned

45. Irregular Verbs • Verbs that change their spellings to show tense (or time)are called irregular verbs. • We will use the verb “to go.” The word “go” changes its spelling from “go,” to “went,” to “gone.”

46. Irregular Verb Tenses • Present • Past • Future • Present Perfect • Past Perfect • Future Perfect • I go • He went • They will go • We have gone • I had gone • I will have gone

47. Assignment • Make a sentence with a verb that shows the future. (Hint: use the word “will” to show the future) • Diagram your sentence.

48. Example • Tomorrow, Jennifer will go to the store. • Jennifer will go Where? to Store Tomorrow When? the

49. Verbs Show Person 1st • I have • You have • He, She, It has Person 2nd Person 3rd Person

50. The First Person • The first person refers to the speaker (“I”). When you talk about yourself, you use the word “I.” • “I” have many sisters. (I am doing the talking.)