1. DNT 243 ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL TISSUES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE Dr.Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi

2. ORAL TISSUES

3. TYPES OF INTRA ORAL TISSUES INTRA ORAL HARD TISSUES • Teeth • Jaws (maxilla and mandible) • Hard Palate INTRA ORAL SOFT TISSUES • Gingiva • Tongue • Lips • Buccal mucosa • Labial mucosa • Soft palate • Floor of the mouth • pharynx

4. EXTRA ORAL TISSUES • TM joint • Lymph nodes • Head and face • Eyes • Ears • Bones and cartilage • Nose • Blood vessels • Face

5. HEALTHY ORAL TISSUES Healthy Gingiva (normal pink colour) Healthy Oral Cavity

6. UNHEALTHY ORAL TISSUES Macroglossia (Large tongue) Unhealthy /inflamed gingiva (Swollen ,bleeding on probing , red in colour) Supernumerary Teeth (Additional teeth)

7. TEETH • Most important Intra oral hard tissue • Consists of • Enamel • Dentine • Pulp

8. Requirements for Development of an Ideal Dentition • Formation of a full complement of teeth. • Normal structural development of the dental tissues • Eruption of each group of teeth at the appropriate time into an adequate space • Normal development of jaw size and relationship • Eruption of teeth into correct relationship to occlude with their opposite numbers

9. Disorders of Development of Teeth • Abnormalities in Number: • Anodontia or hypodontia • Additional teeth (hyperdontia) • Defects of Structure: • Enamel defects • Dentine defects • Abnormalities in Size: • Microdontia • Macrodontia

10. Disorders of Development of Teeth 4. Disorders of Eruption: • Delayed eruption • Premature eruption • Impacted teeth 5. Abnormalities in Shape: • Dilaceration • Taurodontism • Dens Invaginatus • Dens Evaginatus • Talon cusp • Supernumerary roots • Gemination • Fusion • Concrescence • Enamel pearls

11. Abnormalities In Number Of Teeth • Anodontia (missing teeth): a) Total Anodontia: Congenital absence of all teeth is known as total anodontia. Total failure of development of a complete dentition is rare. b)Partial Anodontia: Congenital absence of one or more teeth is known as partial anodontia Examples: • Third molars • Second premolars • Maxillary lateral incisors

12. Abnormalities In Number of Teeth • HYPERDONTIA (ADDITIONAL TEETH): • Additional teeth are relatively common • They are usually of conical shape (supernumerary teeth) but, less frequently resemble teeth of normal series (supplemental teeth) • These are the results of excessive growth of dental lamina of unknown cause • supernumerary teeth may prevent the eruption of the a permanent teeth & also may cause displacement or malposition of teeth EXAMPLES: • Mesiodens (between maxillary central incisors) • Paramolars (maxillary fourth molars) • Distomolar • Neonatal teeth

13. EXAMPLES OF SUPERNUMERARY TEETH Mesiodens Mesiodens

14. ESSENTIAL REFERENCES • Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist (5th Edition) By Olga A. C. Ibsen, RDH, MS and Joan • Contemporary for oral and maxillofacial pathology by J.Phillip Sapp, Lewis Roy Eversole

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