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Multicultural societies

Multicultural societies. What is a "multicultural society"?.  society in which people live together who have: - different ethnic origins - different religions - different cultural standards - different languages.  most societies are multicultural.

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Multicultural societies

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  1. Multicultural societies What is a "multicultural society"?  society in which people live together who have: - different ethnic origins - different religions - different cultural standards - different languages  most societies are multicultural important political challenge nowadays: establishing and maintaining mutual respect/acceptance between different cultures preconditions for success: - tolerance - respect for others personal level - no fear of loss of identity - equal rights state level - equal opportunities

  2. Acculturation grades of adaption/relationship to other cultures in multicultural societies complete adoption of new culture Is it considered valuable to maintain relationships with other groups? original cultural identity is retained but harmonious relationships with other cultures are sought  equitable coexistence of different cultures, e.g. Switzerland, Canada Is it considered valuable to maintain cultural identity and characteristics? No Yes Yes Integration Assimilation Separation Marginalization No if the dominant culture doesn't want any intercultural contact: forced separation = segregation/Apartheid if people neither retain their original cultural identity nor want to maintain positive contacts with the other groups if the non-dominant culture doesn't want it: seclusion (e.g. The Amish) result: confusion, alienation

  3. Phenomenon: Some immigrants try to conserve their culture by "cultivating" an extremely conservative lifestyle (sometimes more extreme than in their home countries) e.g.: - the Amish people - some people of German descent in the USA  Frankenmuth/Michigan ("Little Bavaria") - some people of Turkish descent in Germany  problems: - forced marriages - honour killings  also forbidden in Turkey! possible reasons: - fear of loss of identity/culture - feeling of inferiority inside another culture - individual lifestyle in Germany collectivist family values  loss of security that is provided by the family

  4. Descriptions/ideas of the US multicultural society: melting-pot idea (Synthesemodell): important elements of several cultures melt into one new culture salad bowl : multicultural society in which the different cultures remain distinct from each other pizza society : components (cultures) remain distinct but together give the whole pizza (society) a special flavour. All components are based on one common pizza dough (common ground/shared values).

  5. Integration policies/strategies: national/political level: • lower requirements for - naturalization  e.g. acceptance of dual citizenship - voting rights • equal opportunities  affirmative action (special support for underprivileged groups) example: women  financial support for language courses local level: • schools: exchange programmes, tutoring programmes, language classes • town/community: multicultural festivals, .......

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