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Understanding Immigrants' Precarious Employment: Data Analysis and Project Insights

This project overview presents a comprehensive analysis of immigrants' precarious employment, exploring factors such as social inclusion, government policies, racialization, and human capital. It delves into the dimensions of precarious work, indicators, and the Index of Precarious Work (IPW) over time. The presentation discusses the composition of IPW, early work experiences, pre-migration variables, and distributions within different job contexts. Insights on the relationship between IPW and gender, region, age, occupation, income, and strategies for addressing precarious work are highlighted. The presentation also outlines future steps, including further analysis, comparisons with census data, and collaboration with related projects for community engagement and policy development.

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Understanding Immigrants' Precarious Employment: Data Analysis and Project Insights

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Immigrants and Precarious Employment,Public Outreach Project Overview of Data Meeting with Partners Sept. 26, 2008

  2. Outline/Agenda • Concept maps • Measuring precarious work • IPW over time • Unpacking IPW over time • Relationship between selected variables and IPW (for current job)

  3. Concept Map: Differential Social Inclusion Government Policy Racialization and racism Ethnic-racial identity Immigration Status Human Capital Socioeconomic Status Pre-migration & Canada Social Inclusion Employment: Precarious? Social Networks Income Civic Engagement volunteering Gender Social Citizenship use of services Language/ Accent Neighbourhood Time in Canada Transnational Commitments Family Household

  4. Concept Map: Immigrants Precarious Work Pre-migration (T1) Early Settlement (T2) 1 Stable Job (T3) Current (T4) Pre-Migration Work Class, education, social capital, language Current Work Personal Networks Early Work Institutionally Mediated Networks Strategies Resources & Obligations Education; Civic Engagement; Volunteering Household composition, TN obligations Networks

  5. Precarious Work • Multi-dimensional • Primary indicators - work based, terms of employment • Secondary indicators, health

  6. Dimensions of Precarious Employment • Primary Indicators from literature • Terms of employment (contract/subcontracting, not permanent, PT, tied to one employer, temp. agency) • Self employment (“consultant,” small family business) • Stability, predictability (know schedule?) • Location of work (stable, shifting) • Form of payment (cash, check) • Basis for pay (salary, hourly, piece work) • Unionization • Benefits/coverage • Secondary indicators • Dangerous, health impacts? • Opportunities for advancement?

  7. Our Index of Precarious Work (IPW) • 4 points in time: • Pre-migration • First year - early settlement • First stable job • Possible that FSJ = Job1 • Current job (job 1, job 2, job 3)

  8. First Stable Job and Current JobIPW - 7 Variables • Contract type (all except long term renewable & union) • Work arrangement (not self-employed [small N] or ft/pt for employer) • How found job (temp agency) • Place of work (R’s home/employer's home) • Basis for pay (for job/contract or piece work) • Form of payment (cash) • Schedule (changes by day/wk/mth)

  9. Early Work ExperienceIPW - 7 Variables • Paid in cash (all or some of the time) • Temporary, short term contract (yes) • Temp agency (yes) • Day labour (yes) • Piece work (yes) • Full time worker fixed hours (NO) • Plan schedule week in advance (sometimes or never)

  10. Pre MigrationIPW - 5 Variables • Union (no) • Self-employed (yes) • Opportunities for advancement (no) • Could not support myself/family (agree/strongly agree) • Could not find a job in my field (agree/strongly agree)

  11. IPW Distributions

  12. Current Job 1 IPW Distribution

  13. IPW Means

  14. Pre-migration IPW

  15. IPW over time, total sample

  16. IPW over time, by region

  17. IPW over time: gender and region subgroups

  18. Unpacking the IPW over time • Do the components of the IPW vary over time?

  19. Composition of IPW over time - stacked

  20. Composition of IPW over time - overall

  21. Immigrants & Precarious Work • Precarious in early work experience • Improves in FSJ, mixed outcomes for current job • Origin differences sharper than by gender • High precariousness for Caribbean men in early work • Question: how important are terms of employment for precarious lives?

  22. Age and IPW - current job

  23. Occupation

  24. IPW - occupation & gender

  25. Occupations over time

  26. What happens to pre-migration professionals over time?

  27. Income

  28. Income - IPW means

  29. PW: strategies = resources and obligations + networks • Resources and Obligations: • Education, entrance status, language • Household composition, TN family, remittances • Personal & Institutional Networks: • Personal networks on arrival, over time • Institutional contact, advice, social service agencies • Strategies: mobilization of resources & networks • Education, credential recognition, volunteering and similar efforts in Canada

  30. Strategies - • In what follows we present exploratory analysis regarding strategies. Note that work following the outline in slide 32 is underway.

  31. Strategy: education, training

  32. Strategies: education by origin

  33. Vwork - IPW by # hours

  34. Strategy: Vwork

  35. Next steps… • Continue analysis • Compare to census data (Ornstein report, Gender and Work Database) • Explore links with TIEDE project

  36. Next steps - today • Community working group • Breakout groups to define audiences, media, content, process • Policy working group • Define priority issues, policies, campaigns and timeline

  37. The rest of the presentation is under construction…

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