1 / 45

Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony

Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony. 1750-1900. Chronology. Begins with no particular event Agricultural Revolution Seven Year’s War, Industrial Revolution 1798, France takes Egypt with a small expeditionary force 1820’s, England tightens control over India

Download Presentation

Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony 1750-1900

  2. Chronology • Begins with no particular event • Agricultural Revolution • Seven Year’s War, Industrial Revolution • 1798, France takes Egypt with a small expeditionary force • 1820’s, England tightens control over India • 1830’s, China is forced to open their markets to the west [Opium War] • 1850’s, England and France defeat Russia near its border [Crimean War]

  3. Chronology continued • US forces Japan to open its markets in 1850’s [Admiral Perry] • American Civil war 1861-1865 [Industrial North over non-industrial south], guess who wins? • 1860-1900, Latin America, Africa, Polynesia colonized to a much larger degree • Era Closes before the outbreak of WWI, why?

  4. Industrial Revolution • Led by Britain, then Western Europe and the United States • Technological change in the form of water, then coal powered engines (then fossil fuels) applied to production. • Automation was steadily applied to processes that had once been labor intensive. Output increased at an exponential rate

  5. Industrial Revolution • Why Britain? Several favorable factors, • natural, • political, • economic, and • intellectual resources • Plus they had a population crisis caused by a revolution in agriculture.

  6. Industrial Revolution • Followed previous European trends of a growing large manufacturing sector and huge advantages in world trade. • Governments supported technological innovation with policies of economic growth, instituting laws to encourage banking, trading, entrepreneurship and inventions. • Europe’s dominance in turn generated investment capital, profits from trade, and ultimately more market opportunities

  7. Industrial Revolution • Origins of Industrialization • Enclosure Movement, Scientific Agriculture • Textiles • James Watt, Steam Engine 1770 • Factory System • Transportation technology: • Steam Ship • Locomotive • Telegraph

  8. Industrial Revolution • Affect on Society and Culture • Mass Migrations • Rapid Urbanization • New Social Divisions erupted onto the world stage • Familial roles change in middle class, women take a step back in the merchant class from the previous era

  9. Industrial Revolution • Middle Class began to embrace education and not apprenticeship as a means to success

  10. Industrial Revolution • Effect upon the West • Increased Military Power with new weapons technology • Standardization of parts • Mass Production • New Forms of Transportation and Communication (Steamship, Railroad, Telegraph!!!) This is the means for the new dominance of Western Imperialism

  11. What advantages do you have with a telegraph?

  12. Suez Canal Suez canal opened in 1869

  13. Industrial Revolution • Effect on the Global Markets was catastrophic • Areas that had been dependant on western goods in exchange for raw materials now were even more dependant • Areas that had previous manufacturing like China, India, and Latin America “de-industrialized” in the wake of their markets being flooded with cheap European goods

  14. Lasting Effects • Eventually the world would be divided into groups that were industrial and those that were not. • Some Countries would seize upon the European model and attempt to industrialize themselves. • Those that succeeded were not subsumed in the oncoming tide. . .

  15. Population Movements • Birth Rate declined as children became less important in the workplace (agriculture and factory) • Urbanization • Slave Trade ended • New Immigrants take the place of the slaves (Asian and European)

  16. Demographic and Environmental Changes • End of Atlantic Slave Trade • New Birthrate Patterns • Disease prevention and eradication • Food Supply

  17. 4 Reactions to Western Hegemony • Incorporation into an expanded Western Civilization with certain modifications on basic western patterns: US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand • Imitation of Western economic success without adopting western systems: Russia and Japan

  18. Reactions to Western Hegemony • Losing territories, but maintaining a weak independent state: China and Ottoman • Colonized outright: Africa, India

  19. Rise of Western Dominance Scramble for Africa

  20. Major Forces in this Era? • Economic. Industrialization • Political. Imperialism • Social. Racism • Cultural. Western

  21. Racism? • Take up the White Man's burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child. • Kipling

  22. Global Society • Technology: Steam Ships, locomotives, telegraph increased the speed and volume of transport and communication • Suez (1869) and Panama canals (1914) • International Corporations • Cultural Globalization: • Soccer • Hollywood

  23. Western Dominance of Global Society • Economic, Political, Social, Cultural, & Artistic

  24. Key Terms? • Mercantilism • Capitalism • Utopian Socialism • Communism (Manifesto 1848) • Why did Communism not spread throughout the world? • Democracy, Trade Unions, Increasing Standard of Living

  25. Key Terms? • Luddites • Vertical and Horizontal Integration, Monopoly/Cartel/Trust • Demographic Transition model

  26. This is Rostow

  27. Break Down this Document

  28. Quiz • EOYOPKYAC • ‘I have neither given nor received and unauthorized assistance on this assignment’

  29. Question One • Who invented the steam engine?

  30. two • Name one of two countries that were able to Industrialize very late in the era of 1750-1900

  31. three • Who wrote the Communist Manifesto?

  32. bonus • What was the first country to have a truly GLOBAL empire?

More Related