Human Rights Quiz

1. 2. Who is the current High Commissioner for Human Rights? ⓐ 1. What is the theme for Human Rights Day 2010? Human rights education Fighting poverty: a matter of obligation, not charity Human rights defenders who act to end discrimination Mr Kofi Annan (Ghana) Ms Mary Robinson (Ireland) Ms Navanethem Pillay (South Africa) ⓑ ⓒ ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ 3. What are the international mechanisms that monitor and hold States accountable to international human rights, such as the right to health? 4. How does the WHO Constitution (1948) articulate the right to health? The preamble to the WHO Constitution defines health "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity". The preamble further states, "The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.” Article 2 of the WHO Constitution defines health as "the right of every human being to be healthy". The WHO Constitution does not refer to health as a right. ⓐ There is no specific international mechanism International treaty bodies National human rights institutions ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ 5. What is the name of the new mechanism which involves a review of the human rights records, including in the field of health, of all 192 UN Member States, every four years? ⓑ ⓐ ⓒ Commission on Human Rights Human Rights Council Universal Periodic Review ⓑ ⓒ 7. Which of the following does NOT accurately reflect the links between health and human rights? 6. Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe a human rights-based approach to health? ⓐ • The lack of attention to human rights violations, such as violence against women, can have serious health consequences. • The way a health programme is implemented or designed can promote or violate human rights. • Health programmes have no direct implications for human rights violations. ⓐ Health policy-making and programming are to be guided by human rights standards and principles and develop the capacity of duty-bearers to meet their obligations, while empowering rights-holders to effectively claim their rights. The elimination of all forms of discrimination is at the core of a human rights-based approach. Since human rights issues are sensitive, information should be kept confidential through the process of health programming. ⓑ ⓒ ⓑ ⓒ 8. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to achieving the right to health? A country's difficult financial situation absolves it from having to take action to realize the right to health. The right to health is not the same as the right to be healthy. The right to health is not only a programmatic goal to be attained in the long term. ⓐ 9. Public health considerations are sometimes used by States as grounds for limiting the exercise of human rights. ⓑ What is the name of the principles that are used to determine whether the necessary protections exist when these rights are restricted? ⓒ ⓐ Siracusa Principles Health and Rights Principles Limiting Principles ⓑ ⓒ 10. Which of the following statements accurately describes the principle of non-discrimination as it applies to health? ⓐ • The prohibition of discrimination means that different treatment is never permitted. • Different treatment must be based on objective and reasonable criteria intended to rectify imbalances within a society. • Health care providers are the only professionals who can freely decide when a different treatment should be permitted in order to respect the principle of non-discrimination. ⓑ 11. Who are the duty-bearers in relation to health? Only doctors and nurses Only the Ministry of Health A wide range of stakeholders, including policy-makers, hospital managers, health professionals, inspectors and parliamentarians ⓐ ⓒ ⓑ ⓒ Human Rights Quiz

2. Accountability, Acceptability, Availability and Quality Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability and Quality Anti-discrimination, Accessibility, Accountability and Quality ⓐ ⓑ 13. Which of the following statements accurately describes the principle of progressive realization? 12. In 2000, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights adopted General Comment 14, which lays out four criteria, ⓒ ⓐ known by the acronym AAAQ, for evaluating the realization of the right to health. What does AAAQ stand for? • It implicitly recognizes that States have resource constraints and that it necessarily takes time to implement human rights treaty provisions. • It means that States have to modify all their internal laws as soon as they ratify a treaty. • It requires all States to progressively request help from other States to promote the human rights contained in the treaty they have ratified. ⓑ ⓒ 14. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cutural Rights stressed that States have a core obligation to ensure the satisfaction of minimum essential levels of the rights contained in the Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Which of the following in NOT included among the core minimum obligations related to the right to health? ⓐ Access to health facilities, goods and services on a non-discriminatory basis, especially for vulnerable or marginalized groups Access to shelter, housing and sanitation and an adequate supply of safe drinking water Access to legal assistance ⓑ 16. Who is the Special Rapporteurs on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health? 15. Who are the Special Rappoteurs and what do they do? ⓐ • They are UN staff appointed to promote human rights in their respective countries. • They are independent experts appointed by the Human Rights Council to examine, monitor and publicly report on the human rights situation and compliance of States with their obligations under various human rights instruments. • They are law professionals that provide support to the Treaty Bodies in drafting General Comments. ⓒ ⓑ Prof Paul Hunt (New Zealand) Mr Santiago Corcuera (Mexico) Mr Anand Grover (India) ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ ⓒ 17. Which of the following is NOT one of the three major responsibilities of the Special Rapporteur on the right to health? 18. Which of the following is NOT among the methods of work of the Special Rapporteur on the right to health? ⓐ • To promote, and encourage others to promote, the right to health as a fundamental right • To clarify the content of the right to health • To consider States parties’ reports submitted to the Committee against Torture and issue concluding observations based on the information analysed ⓑ ⓐ Reviewing communications from individuals or groups alleging violations of the right to health and intervening, where appropriate, with Governments in relation to alleged violations Conducting fact-finding country missions Meeting representatives from WHO twice a year to discuss health-related issues of concern and draft joint recommendations to countries ⓒ ⓑ ⓒ 19. Which of the following is NOT a guiding principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child? • The best interest of the child shall be a primary consideration while taking actions relating to children • The views of the child shall be given due weight while taking actions relating to children • Children can decide freely on any matter that affect their health ⓐ 20. Which among the following is considered the most widely accepted Convention? ⓐ ⓑ ⓑ The Convention on the Rights of the Child The Convention against Torture The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ⓒ ⓒ Answers: 1c; 2c; 3b; 4a; 5c; 6c; 7c; 8a; 9a; 10b; 11c; 12b; 13a; 14c; 15b; 16c; 17c; 18c; 19c; 20a