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States of Matter: Solids, Liquids, and Gases

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  1. Chapter 8 Solids, Liquids, and Gases Sections 1 and 2 Notes

  2. Matter and Temperature • States of Matter: • Solids • Liquids • Gas • Plasma

  3. Solids • Has a definite shape and volume • Kinetic Theory of Matter – tiny particles are in constant motion, and tiny particles make up all matter.

  4. Crystalline Solids • Crystalline solids – solids in which particles are arranged in repeating geometric patterns. • Examples: snowflakes, table salt

  5. Noncrystalline Solids • Appear to be solids but are not made of crystals. • Often called amorphous solids. • Amorphous means “having no form”

  6. Liquids • Flows and take the shape of its container • Can’t normally be squeezed into a smaller volume • Particles have enough energy to move around each other

  7. Gases • “springy” meaning they expand or contract to fill the space available to them and can be squeezed into a smaller space. • Has neither a definite shape or definite volume.

  8. Plasma • A gas-like mixture of positively and negatively charged particles. • Examples: the sun, the tube in a fluorescent light

  9. Thermal Expansion • Almost all matter expands as it is heated and contracts as it cools = thermal expansion.

  10. Science and Society • Polluted water – water that contains such high levels of unwanted materials that it is unacceptable for drinking or other specific purposes. • Thermal pollution – excess heat in the water due to industrial release into rivers/streams.

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