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Aquaculture

Aquaculture. Aquaculture. Began with the Chinese and the Egyptians There were drawings to support this. Aquaculture. Asia is 1 st in aquaculture production Europe is 2 nd North America is 3 rd. Aquaculture. Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing segments in the agriculture industry.

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Aquaculture

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  1. Aquaculture

  2. Aquaculture • Began with the Chinese and the Egyptians • There were drawings to support this

  3. Aquaculture • Asia is 1st in aquaculture production • Europe is 2nd • North America is 3rd

  4. Aquaculture • Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing segments in the agriculture industry. • Reasons: • The demand for seafood has increased by almost 15% • As the world demand has increased, the commercial fishing industry has had trouble meeting the needs of consumers. Therefore, commercial farms have grown in popularity. • Scientific research has played a major role in helping us understand fish and how to raise them in commercial facilities (ponds, etc.).

  5. Fish have several advantages over other agricultural animals. 1. Amount of feed required • It takes roughly 9 lbs. of feed for a cow to gain 1 lb. • A fish gains 1 lb. on 2 lbs. of feed.

  6. Fish have several advantages over other agricultural animals. 2. Ectothermic vs. Endothermic • Fish are ectothermic meaning their body temperature adjusts to their surroundings (formerly known as cold blooded). • Endothermic animals, such as mammals, regulate its own body temperature and its internal temperature remains constant. • This requires much more energy from the animal and therefore, the animal requires more food.

  7. Fish have several advantages over other agricultural animals. 3. Percentage of Edible Components • Fish have a higher percentage of edible meat than other animals. • On a cow, about 35-40% of its body weight is edible meat • On a fish, it is much higher • Catfish- about 55% of its body weight is edible meat • Trout- about 85% is edible

  8. One of the most important factors for producers farming fish is the dissolved oxygen level in the pond. • Land animals gain oxygen from the air produced by plants • Fish gain oxygen from the water produced by aquatic plants • Animals have lungs, and fish have gills. The gills separate the oxygen from the water. • The oxygen in water comes from green aquatic plants that produce oxygen as a result of photosynthesis. • Since photosynthesis occurs only when the sun is shining, oxygen is released only during the daylight hours.

  9. One of the most important factors for producers farming fish is the dissolved oxygen level in the pond. • Oxygen is also passed into the water from the atmosphere through waves, ripples, and water falls. • Waves = wind, and ripples = moving water • Water falls = water passes through air • When dissolved oxygen levels drop in ponds, producers must rely on mechanical aeration to bring the levels back up • Paddle wheel, fountain, etc. – something to stir up the water and introduce oxygen back into the water

  10. 2 Categories of Fish • Warm Water Fish: cannot live in water below 60° • Cold Water Fish: cannot live in water warmer than 70°

  11. 4 Most Commonly Produced Fish in the United States 1. Catfish • Most widely grown fish in the United States • Smooth skin • No scales • Can survive in lower levels of oxygen than other fish

  12. 4 Most Commonly Produced Fish in the United States 2. Tilapia • Very hardy fish • Survive in high temperatures • Native to Africa • Can survive low oxygen • High populations • 2nd to Carp as the number of fish grown in the United States

  13. 4 Most Commonly Produced Fish in the United States 3. Salmon • Grown in floating net cages in Washington • Grown in coves and bays in Maine • Harvested around 9-11 pounds

  14. 4 Most Commonly Produced Fish in the United States 4. Trout • High percentage of body is edible meat • Known for their taste • Highly desirable in restaurants • Cold water fish • Raised in concrete raceways

  15. Fish Eggs to Harvesting • When a fish egg hatches, it is called a fry. • When the frygrows to 2 inches in length, it is called a fingerling. • Fingerlingsthen go to ponds. • Harvested at 1-2 lbs. • Seines are large nets that are used to harvest fish. • Salt is added to the water in the tanker truck when the fish are shipped. • The salt water has a calming effect on the fish.

  16. Other Animals Produced 1. Bullfrogs • Hard to raise • They eat live food including their young • Very territorial • Problem with predators such as raccoons, ducks, snakes, fish, and herons

  17. Other Animals Produced 2. Crayfish (crawfish) • Produced in small ponds that are no more than 2 ft. deep. • Usually produced along with rice and other crops • Omnivorous- eat both plants and animals • Usually eat decomposing plant material

  18. Other Animals Produced 3. Alligators • Farms are primarily located in Florida, Georgia, and Louisiana • Hides are sold to make leather goods • Bags • Belts • Boots • Shoes • Meat is sold to restaurants

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