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Hamdard University Bangladesh

PROCESSOR AND MEMORY. Hamdard University Bangladesh. Topics. Introduction Processor and Memory. Introduction. We saw that the main components of a computer system are input,output,storage , and CPU.we also saw that storage units are basically of two types-primary and secondary.

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Hamdard University Bangladesh

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  1. PROCESSOR AND MEMORY HamdardUniversity Bangladesh

  2. Topics Introduction Processor and Memory

  3. Introduction We saw that the main components of a computer system are input,output,storage, and CPU.we also saw that storage units are basically of two types-primary and secondary. The central processing unit The CPU is the brain of computer system.All major calculation and comparisons performed by a computer are carried out insides its CPU.It is also responsiable for activiting and controlling other unit ofn the computer system.

  4. CONTROL UNIT We saw that the two basi components of a CPU are the control unit and the arthemetic logic unit.The control unit of the CPU selects andinterrets program instrutions, and then sees that they are executed.The special purpose registers,namely the instrution register and the program control register,respectively hold the current instrution and next instrution to be executed and in this way help the control unit in the instrution selection.

  5. Processor and memory architectere of a computer system ROM PROM FLASH MAIN MEMORY (RAM) I/O DEVICES CACHE MEMORY Decoder Accumulator register Program control register Genaral-purpose register Instruction register Genaral-purpose register Memory address register Memory buffer register Input/Output register Genaral-purpose register Genaral-purpose register

  6. The Arithemetic logic unit The ALU of the CPU is the place,when the actual execution of the instrution takes place, during the data processing operation.Thatis,when control unit encounters an instrution, which involves an airthemetic operation it passes control to the ALU. Registers As the instruction are interpreted and executed by the CPU, there is movement of information between the various units of the computer system.Theleangth of a register equals the number of bits it can store.

  7. Although, the number of registers varies from computer to computer,there is some register,which is common of all computer.The function of these registers are described bellow. • Memory Address Register(MAR) • Memory Buffer Register(MBR) • Program Control Register(PCR) • Accumulator Register(AC) • Instruction Register(IR) • Input/output Register (I/O R)

  8. PROCESSOR The operation of the ALU and control unit are performed at incrediablespeed.These operation are usally synchronized by a built in eletronicsclock.Which emits millions of regularly spaced electric pulses per second. Types of processor CISC Processor RISC Processor EPIC Processor

  9. MAIN MEMORY We saw that the CPU contains the necessary circuitry for data processing and controlling the other components of a computer system.We also saw that the CPU does contains several registers for storing data and instruction, by these are very small areas, which can hold only a few bytes at a time,are just suffcient to hold only one of two instructions and the corresponding data.If the instructions and data of a program being executed by the CPU.

  10. Thanks

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