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Chapters 8 and 11 Aquatic Biodiversity

Chapters 8 and 11 Aquatic Biodiversity. Why are aquatic systems important?. Food Medicines Transportation Habitat Recreation Employment Oil, natural gas Minerals Building materials CO2 absorption Reduce storm impact (marshes, wetlands) Habitats Nutrient cycling Absorbs heat

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Chapters 8 and 11 Aquatic Biodiversity

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  1. Chapters 8 and 11Aquatic Biodiversity

  2. Why are aquatic systems important? • Food • Medicines • Transportation • Habitat • Recreation • Employment • Oil, natural gas • Minerals • Building materials • CO2 absorption • Reduce storm impact (marshes, wetlands) • Habitats • Nutrient cycling • Absorbs heat • Climate control

  3. Aquatic Biomes (“life zones”) • Marine – oceans, bays, estuaries, coastal wetlands, shorelines, reefs, mangrove swamps) • Freshwater – lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands

  4. Plankton – drifters, phytoplankton, zooplankton • Nekton – swimmers • Benthos – epifauna, infauna • Decomposers

  5. Organisms’ locations limited by • Temperature • Salinity • Dissolved oxygen • Light • Food

  6. Light availability affected by algal growth, sedimentation

  7. Ocean Zonation

  8. Estuaries • Where the rivers meet the sea • Partially enclosed • Shallow • Salt + fresh = brackish • Highly productive • Dynamic – fluctuating temperature, salinity

  9. 4th largest in N. America • 62,000 ft3 per second

  10. Euryhaline–ability to tolerate wide range of salinities (opposite of stenohaline) • Eurythermal– ability to tolerate wide range of temperatures (opposite of stenothermal)

  11. Other ecosystems associated with estuaries • Salt marshes (temperate) • Mangrove (tropical) • Seagrass beds

  12. Salt Marshes • Grasses • Intertidal • High nutrient levels • Protection from storms • Habitat: permanent and temporary residents • Filter • Recreation

  13. Mangrove Swamps – coastal wetland of tropical latitudes; function same as salt marshes

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