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Chapter Three THE RESEARCH PROCESS

This chapter outlines the essential steps in the research process, including developing research questions, preparing research proposals, and conducting systematic data collection and analysis. It emphasizes the hierarchy of management research questions, from identifying management dilemmas to formulating investigative and measurement questions. Additionally, it addresses common research process issues, effective research designs, resource allocation, and budgeting strategies, as well as the final steps in reporting research findings. Essential for researchers aiming for rigorous results.

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Chapter Three THE RESEARCH PROCESS

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  1. Chapter ThreeTHE RESEARCH PROCESS

  2. Research Process • Development of Research questions • Research Proposal • Data Collection • Data Analysis • Research Report

  3. The Management-ResearchQuestion Hierarchy 6 Management Decision 5 Measurement Questions 4 Investigative Questions 3 Management Questions 2 Research Questions 1 Management Dilemma

  4. Working with the Hierarchy • Management Dilemma • The symptom of an actual problem • Not difficult to identify a dilemma, however choosing one to focus on may be difficult Management Question Categories • Choice of purposes or objective • Generation and evaluation of solutions • Troubleshooting or control situation

  5. Working with the Hierarchy • Research Questions • Hypothesis of choice that best states the objectives of the research study • Fine-tuning the research questions is necessary • Examine concepts and constructs • Break research questions into specific second-and-third-level questions • Verify hypotheses with quality tests • Determine what evidence answers the various questions and hypothesis • Set the scope of your study

  6. Working with the Hierarchy • Investigative Questions • Questions the researcher must answer to satisfactorily arrive at a conclusion about the research question

  7. Working with the Hierarchy • Measurement Questions • The questions we actually ask or extract from respondents or data

  8. Research Process Problems • The Favored Technique Syndrome • Company Database Strip-Mining • Unresearchable Questions • Ill-Defined Management Problems • Politically Motivated Research

  9. Designing the Study • Research Design • Select a research design from the large variety of methods, techniques, procedures,and protocols. • Sampling Design • Estimating population values • Testing statistical hypotheses

  10. Resource Allocation & Budgets: Cost • Guides to plan a budget • Project planning • Data gathering • Analysis, interpretation, and reporting • Types of budgeting • Rule-of-thumb • Departmental or functional area • Task

  11. Evaluation Methods :Benefit • Ex Post Facto Evaluation • Prior or Interim Evaluation • Option Analysis (Cost-benefit analysis) • Several alternatives • Decision Theory • Selection according to a chosen decision rule.

  12. Contents of a Research Proposal • Statement of the research question • Brief description of research methodology • Pilot Testing • Data collection • Data preparation • Data analysis and interpretation • Research reporting

  13. Data Collection • Characterized by • abstractness • verifiability • elusiveness • closeness to the phenomenon • Types • Secondary data • Primary data

  14. Final Steps in Research • Data analysis • Reporting the results • Executive summary • Overview of the research (or main body of research) • Implementation strategies for the recommendations • Technical appendix

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