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The definition of translation

Different writers define  ’Translation’ in different ways : Translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). ( Catford , 1969:20).

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The definition of translation

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  1. Differentwritersdefine  ’Translation’ in differentways: • Translation isthe replacement of textualmaterialin one language (SL) by equivalenttextualmaterialin anotherlanguage (TL). (Catford, 1969:20). • Translation isthe reproduction in the receptor’slanguage (TL) the closestnaturalequivalent of the source language message, 1st in terms of meaning and 2nd in term of style. (Nida, 1969:12). • 3. Translation is made possible by an equivalence of thoughtthat lies behinditsdifferent verbal expressions (Savory, 1969:13). • Translation isa process of finding a TL equivalent for an SL utterance. (Pinchuck, 1977:38). • Translation isthe rendering (translation) of SL textinto TL so as to ensurethat (1) the surface meaning of the twowillbeapproximatelysimilar and (2) the structures of the SL willbepreserved as closely as possible but not socloselythat the TL structures willbeseriouslydistorted (Mc Guire, 1980:7) The definition of translation

  2. 6. Translation is a craft consisting the attempt to replace a written message and/or statement in one language (SL) by the same message and/or statement in another language (TL). (Newmark, 1981:7). From the above definition ,it can be seen that we have the same term « Equivalent ».The meaning (Larson), content (Catford), thought (Savory) or message (Nida) of both SL and TL must be equivalent,yet it is expressed in different verbal expressions.

  3. Translation equivalence can be in the rank of word for word, phrase for phrase, sentence for sentence and so on. Look at the example below: • 1st instance: • Plane • A new plane • The carpenter has a new plane • The carpenter has a new plane to make the wood smooth. • The passengers get on a new plane.

  4. 2nd instance: • Run • The boy runs= anak itu berlari • The river runs= sungai itu mengalir • The clock runs= jam itu berjalan • He nose runs= ia pilek.

  5. Idiomatic phrases • Cat=kucing • To bell the cat=melakukansesuatu yang berbahaya. • To let the cat out of the bag=membukarahasia. • Cat and dog life= penghidupan yang penuhpertengkaran. • To rain cats and dogs=hujansangatlebat • When the cat is away the mice will play=bebasbilatidakadamajikan. • The enemy played cat-and-mouse to the prisoners= Musuhmempermainkantawanannya.

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