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India: Access to Schooling in Ambakach

Explore gender dynamics in Ambakach village for improving primary school attendance through incentives and alternative informal schooling options. Results show positive impact on enrollment rates for both girls and boys.

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India: Access to Schooling in Ambakach

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  1. India: Access to Schooling in Ambakach Project Gender Analysis Alexandra Anda November 7th 2006

  2. Ambakach • Poor rural isolated village in India • Population: 1,003 Female: 449* Male: 554 • Children Primary School Age (6-10 years old): Girls: 111 Boys: 127 • Main Livelihood: Farming Farmers: 102 - Poor soil quality (one annual crop cycle) - Water Scarcity - No production during dry season • Livestock very important *Rao Introduction In South Asia less women than men due to unequal access to healthcare

  3. 1983 Gujarat chief minister 10 villages in extreme poverty Purpose: boost enrollment and attendance rates for children in primary schools Incentives: - uniforms - textbooks - slates - classroom equipment - midday meals - allotment of food grains School Incentives Program

  4. Grain Allotment • 80% monthly attendance record Girls: 10 kg corn per month Boys: 8 kg corn per month • Uniforms, slates and books not received regularly

  5. Informal Schooling: A Viable Alternative • Formal schooling not reaching poor and disadvantaged • Children discover their own learning style and pace • Community women and men trained to teach - Men farmers - Women full-time housework • Schedule: 7 – 9 pm • Classrooms: houses or village buildings • Local vocabulary and speech adopted • Individualized materials meet interests and needs • Few materials low cost and sharing values

  6. Results • 4, 242 students in three years Girls: 3,238 Boys: 1,004 • Dropout Rate: 28%  lower than national average in formal schooling • Women pressuring for alternatives  Reading centers (libraries)

  7. Conclusions • Incentives Program is reaching males more than females • Female dropout remains high • Most rewards going to males • Who benefits from grains? • Ignoring: Higher income for women well-being for entire family

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