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Visualising Program Behaviour

Visualising Program Behaviour. Program visualisation tools in ECLiPSe. Debugger Profiler Coverage Display matrix Visualisation. Any goal can be profiled Does not require special compilation 0.01s sample interval Not available on MS Window (currently). queen ( Data , Out ) :-

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Visualising Program Behaviour

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  1. Visualising Program Behaviour

  2. Program visualisation tools in ECLiPSe • Debugger • Profiler • Coverage • Display matrix • Visualisation

  3. Any goal can be profiled Does not require special compilation 0.01s sample interval Not available on MS Window (currently) queen(Data, Out) :- qperm(Data, Out), safe(Out). qperm([], []). qperm([X|Y], [U|V]) :- qdelete(U, X, Y, Z), qperm(Z, V). qdelete(A, A, L, L). qdelete(X, A, [H|T], [A|R]) :- qdelete(X, H, T, R). safe([]). safe([N|L]) :- nodiag(L, N, 1), safe(L). nodiag([], _, _). nodiag([N|L], B, D) :- D=\=N - B, D=\=B - N, D1isD + 1, nodiag(L, B, D1). Profiler - sample based code profiling

  4. Profiler - the profile predicate • profile(+Goal) • :- profile(queen([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],Out)). • profile(+Goal, +OptionList) • :- profile( • queen([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],Out), • [simple, keep_file] • ). • When the goal runs quickly, use an auxiliary • queen_100 :- • for(_X,1,100) do queen([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],_Out). • :- profile(queen_100).

  5. Profiler - sample based code profiling goal succeeded PROFILING STATISTICS -------------------- Goal: queen_100 Total user time: 3.19s Predicate Module %Time Time %Cum -------------------------------------------------------- nodiag /3 eclipse 52.2% 1.67s 52.2% qdelete /4 eclipse 27.4% 0.87s 79.6% qperm /2 eclipse 17.0% 0.54s 96.5% safe /1 eclipse 2.8% 0.09s 99.4% queen /2 eclipse 0.6% 0.02s 100.0% Yes (3.33s cpu)

  6. queen(Data, Out) :- 1 qperm(Data, Out), 7686 safe(Out) 1 . qperm([], []) 7686 . qperm([X|Y], [U|V]) :- 13211 qdelete(U, X, Y, Z), 20896 qperm(Z, V) 69174 . qdelete(A, A, L, L) 20896 . qdelete(X, A, [H|T], [A|R]) :- 7685 qdelete(X, H, T, R) 10434 . safe([]) 1 . safe([N|L]) :- 9023 nodiag(L, N, 1), 1338 safe(L) 9 . nodiag([], _5917, _5918) 1338 . nodiag([N|L], B, D) :- 25683 D=\=N - B, 18296 D=\=B - N, 17998 D1isD + 1, 17998 nodiag(L, B, D1) 10314 . Requires special compilation Inserts coverage counters into the code Entry to code blocks Between predicate calls within a block At the end of code blocks Pretty prints source annotated with counter values Coverage - source line coverage library

  7. Coverage - source line coverage library The ccompile predicate compiles and loads a file adding coverage counters as it does so ccompile(+File) • :- ccompile(’foo.ecl’). ccompile(+File, +OptionList) • :- ccompile(’foo.ecl’, • [exit_counters:off, macro_expansion:off]).

  8. Coverage - source line coverage library All coverage counters are reset by calling • reset_counters/0 The result predicate outputs source code annotated with coverage counter values • result/0 • result(+File) • :- result(‘foo.ecl’). • result(+File, +OptionList) • :- result(‘foo.ecl’, [outdir:coverage, format:html]).

  9. queen(Data, Out) :- 1 qperm(Data, Out), 7686 safe(Out) 1 . qperm([], []) 7686 . qperm([X|Y], [U|V]) :- 13211 qdelete(U, X, Y, Z), 20896 qperm(Z, V) 69174 . qdelete(A, A, L, L) 20896 . qdelete(X, A, [H|T], [A|R]) :- 7685 qdelete(X, H, T, R) 10434 . safe([]) 1 . safe([N|L]) :- 9023 nodiag(L, N, 1), 1338 safe(L) 9 . nodiag([], _5917, _5918) 1338 . nodiag([N|L], B, D) :- 25683 D=\=N - B, 18296 D=\=B - N, 17998 D1isD + 1, 17998 nodiag(L, B, D1) 10314 . :-lib(coverage). :-ccompile(“foo.ecl”). :-queen( [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], Out ). :-result(“foo.ecl”). Coverage - source line coverage library

  10. Visualisation - control flow Annotated source code Visualisation Client Debugger

  11. More Details... • See ECLiPSe User Manual • Profiling Prolog Execution chapter • See ECLiPSe Library Manual • Coverage library • See ECLiPSe Visualisation Tutorial

  12. SEND + MORE = MONEY :-lib(ic). lab([]). lab([X|Xs]):- indomain(X), lab(Xs). sendmore(Digits) :- Digits= [S,E,N,D,M,O,R,Y], Digits:: [0..9], Carries= [C1,C2,C3,C4], Carries:: [0..1], alldifferent(Digits), S#\= 0, M#\= 0, C1#=M, C2 + S + M#=O + 10*C1, C3 + E + O#=N + 10*C2, C4 + N + R#=E + 10*C3, D + E#=Y + 10*C4, lab(Carries), lab(Digits).

  13. SEND + MORE = MONEY (annotated) :-lib(ic). :-lib(viewable). lab([]). lab([X|Xs]):- indomain(X), lab(Xs). sendmore1(Digits) :- Digits= [S,E,N,D,M,O,R,Y], Digits:: [0..9], viewable_create(equation, Digits), Carries= [C1,C2,C3,C4], Carries:: [0..1], alldifferent(Digits), S#\= 0, M#\= 0, C1#=M, C2 + S + M#=O + 10*C1, C3 + E + O#=N + 10*C2, C4 + N + R#=E + 10*C3, D + E#=Y + 10*C4, lab(Carries), lab(Digits).

  14. SEND + MORE = MONEY (annotated II) :-lib(ic). :-lib(viewable). lab([]). lab([X|Xs]):- indomain(X), lab(Xs). sendmore2(Digits) :- Digits= [S,E,N,D,M,O,R,Y], Digits:: [0..9], viewable_create(equation, Digits, array([flexible],numeric_bounds)), Carries= [C1,C2,C3,C4], ... ... ... lab(Digits), viewable_expand(equation, 1, C1), viewable_expand(equation, 1, C2), viewable_expand(equation, 1, C3), viewable_expand(equation, 1, C4).

  15. SEND + MORE = MONEY (annotated III) :-lib(ic). :-lib(viewable). lab([]). lab([X|Xs]):- indomain(X), lab(Xs). sendmore3(Digits) :- Digits= [S,E,N,D,M,O,R,Y], Digits:: [0..9], viewable_create(equation, []([](0, S, E, N, D), [](0, M, O, R, E), [](M, O, N, E, Y)), array([flexible,fixed], numeric_bounds)), Carries= [C1,C2,C3,C4], ... ... ... lab(Carries), lab(Digits), viewable_expand(equation, 1, [C1, C2, C3, C4, 0]).

  16. SEND + MORE = MONEY (annotated IV) :-lib(ic). :-lib(viewable). ... ... sendmore4(Digits) :- Digits= [S,E,N,D,M,O,R,Y], Digits:: [0..9], viewable_create(equation, []([](0, S, E, N, D), [](0, M, O, R, E), [](M, O, N, E, Y)), array([flexible,fixed], numeric_bounds), [["send", "more", "money"], ["ten thousands", "thousands", "hundreds","tens", "units"]]), Carries= [C1,C2,C3,C4], ... ... ... lab(Carries), lab(Digits), viewable_expand(equation, 1, [C1, C2, C3, C4, 0], "carries").

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