Elmer Holt, Climate Technology Initiative Ghent University, 10 April 2003

1. Synergy and Consistency Between Activities of the UNFCCC and Other Relevant Organizations in Supporting Enabling Environments for Technology Transfer Elmer Holt, Climate Technology InitiativeGhent University, 10 April 2003

2. CTI Formed for a Reason • Launched in 1995 by 23 OECD countries and the European Commission to support the objective of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) by fostering international cooperation to accelerate the more rapid development and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies and practices.

3. CTI’s Comparative Advantage • Multilateral participation. • Staying close to the UNFCCC process. • Recognition of the key role technology playsin the sustainable growth of developing and transition economies. • Recognition of the essential role that business must play in the long-term transfer of technology.

4. Recognition Based on Reality • Official flows rarely reached $50 Billion over past ten years and were only $36.5 in 2001. • Annual private flows to developing countries many times greater than official flows. • Private flows in 2001 had fallen to about half the 1997 high of $300 Billion. • Although well below the level of resource flows necessary to make a significant difference, “greening” some of this private investment makes a start (possibly stimulated by enhanced enabling environments).

5. Net Long-Term Resource Flows to Developing Countries Billions US$ Source: World Bank

6. CTI Responded to COP 4 Technology Transfer Decision • CTI worked closely with UNFCCC Secretariat during consultative process. • Held Regional CTI/Industry Joint Seminar on Technology Diffusion in Eastern Europe in cooperation with UNFCCC Secretariat to expand input to consultative process (1999). • Held Regional CTI/Industry Joint Seminars on Technology Diffusion in sequence with workshops on the consultative process – Cebu City and San Salvador (2000).

7. Cooperation Contributed to Synergistic Outcomes • Opportunity to expand number of topics and depth of coverage during consultative process. • Broader participation at workshops and seminars by developing and transition countries. • Increased participation by business and financial communities. • CTI recognized by Chair of SBSTA for its contribution.

8. CTI Responded to Outcomes of Consultative Process • Based on inputs from developing and transition countries, CTI was well aware of the importance of technology needs assessments, technology information, capacity building, enabling environments, and creative ways to leverage financing. • This country collaboration positioned CTI to respond to the five themes that emerged from the consultative process.

9. CTI Refocused Efforts (1) • CTI’s efforts heavily focused on working with developing and transition countries to collaboratively assess their technology needs and develop a practical plan to implement these technologies in a manner consistent with the long-term sustainable development goals of the country. • Such a country-driven assessment provides more efficient targeting ofcapacity building and training along with enhanced access to technology information.

10. CTI Refocused Efforts (2) • Critical to the TNA process is identification of any institutional or other potential barriers that need to be addressed to provide the necessary enabling environmentessential to the active engagement of the business and financial communities. • CTI places emphasis on need to engage private sector business and financial communities at the earliest possible stage to ensure that there is clear recognition on the part of the host country of any impediments that could impair the prospect for timely implementation.

11. Collaboration with GEF & UNDP • UNFCCC Friends of Chair (TT contact group) meeting in August 2000, established dialogue with GEF on the use of topping-off funds for technology needs assessments (TNAs). • Resulted in further discussions at COP6 with GEF & UNDP, leading to the drafting of methodological guidance on TNAs that was shared with Parties.

12. Further Collaboration with UNDP • CTI technical assistance to countries undertaking TNA seeks to leverage GEF/UNDP support • Close coordination for regional events on climate technology information and TNA • Collaboration and information sharing on technology needs assessment methodology document distributed by UNDP in draft at COP 8 and final 2003.

13. Collaboration with UNEP • Joint planning for Regional Workshops & Seminars • Valuable input on agenda, materials, speakers, and participants • Insights on regional activities and potential integration of CTI activities with on-going projects in order to complement and supplement rather than overlap • UNEP sponsorship of additional participants and presentations on existing programs that potentially complement TT activities.

14. Collaboration with the UNFCCC and Other Partners • Coordination with UNFCCC on key activities • Support to implementing elements of EGTT programme of work. • Drawing from CTI implementation activities to inform and support UNFCCC efforts and planning • Close collaboration with regional governments, NGOs and technical institutions such as ENDA-TM, Regional Environmental Centre for Central and Eastern Europe, Tsinghua University, and others • On-Going dialogue with EGTT to identify ways in which CTI can help advance objectives

15. Benefits of Collaboration - LIP • Leverages limited financial and human resources on issues of common interest • Integrates and strengthens regional and country activities through information sharing and joint activities • Provides a platform for multilateral approaches and consistency in the technology transfer “message.”