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The Western Frontier

The Western Frontier. 1871-1905. Changes that took place in the west between 1871 and 1905 devastated the old ways. N.W.M.Police was establish The Canadian Pacific Railroad Increased population Two new provinces. A few events that preceded the opening of the west were: Confederation

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The Western Frontier

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  1. The Western Frontier 1871-1905

  2. Changes that took place in the west between 1871 and 1905 devastated the old ways. • N.W.M.Police was establish • The Canadian Pacific Railroad • Increased population • Two new provinces

  3. A few events that preceded the opening of the west were: • Confederation • Sale of Rupert’s Land- 1870 • Manitoba the 5th Province • British Columbia - 6th Province - 1871

  4. Who lived in this vast area? • 30,000 natives • 12,000 non-natives • By 1880 more Europeans • Many people armed, many still involved in the fur trade

  5. Problems? • Surveying not complete • Native land claims • Fur trade

  6. The Whiskey Trade • N.W.T. huge, hard to govern • No fence between U.S. and Canada • Traders set up post anywhere • Good area was southern Alberta • Could slip back and forth accross the boarder • Trade whiskey for furs

  7. Effects of the Whiskey Trade: • Trade of rot-gut whiskey devastating • Disease,malnutrition • Trade buffalo, horses,food, wives

  8. Cypress Hills Massacre May 1874: • Whiskey traders from the U.S. attacked a group of Assiniboine who they thought had stolen their horses • Traders shot 30 natives • Shocked Canadian government but not American

  9. Canadian response: • Recruit men into a new policing unit called the North West Mounted Police • 1873 arrived in Winnipeg, trained during the winter, marched in July

  10. March West: 1874 • Left with 200 carts and men • Summer hot, little water • Spilt the group, sending one party to Ft Edmonton the other to Fort Whoop-up • Restored order • Natives protected. • Development was orderly

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