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Chapter 11 Eating Disorders

Chapter 11 Eating Disorders. Overview of Eating Disorders. Affects more than 5 million people 85% of cases develop during adolescence Co-occurs with other psychological disorders Recognition of disorder is critical to treatment. END-CHAPTER 11 – Very informative: Personal Reflections:

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Chapter 11 Eating Disorders

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  1. Chapter 11Eating Disorders

  2. Overview of Eating Disorders • Affects more than 5 million people • 85% of cases develop during adolescence • Co-occurs with other psychological disorders • Recognition of disorder is critical to treatment END-CHAPTER 11 – Very informative: Personal Reflections: -Thoughts of an Anorexic - Thoughts of a Bulimic

  3. Genetic Link? • Identical twins are more likely to share eating disorders • Genetically predisposed? • Fraternal twins are less likely

  4. Characteristics: Anorexia & Bulimia

  5. Helpful Resources • Course TEXTBOOK – Wardlaw 7th Edition • Contemporary Nutrition • Academy of Eating Disorders- • www.aedweb.org • National Eating Disorders Association • www.nationaleatingdisorders.org • National Institute of Mental Health • www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/eatingdisorders.cfm • UCSC – Womens Center • http://www2.ucsc.edu/wmcenter/body.html

  6. Warning Signs of Anorexia • Abnormal, rigid eating habits • Eating very little food (300-600 kcal/day) • Hiding and storing food • Exercising compulsively • Preparing meals for others, but not eating • Withdrawing from friends and family • Critical of self and others • Sleep disturbances and depression • Ammenorrhea

  7. Anorexia Health Problems • “Skin-and-bone” appearance • Lowered body temperature • Lanugo and loss of hair • Lower basal metabolism, decreased heart rate • Iron deficiency anemia and other nutrient deficiencies • Rough, dry, scaly, cold skin • Low white blood cell count, potassium • Constipation, ammenorrhea • < % body fat, shutdown of reproductive hormones

  8. Nutrition Therapy • Increase food intake to raise basal metabolism • Prevent further weight loss • Restore appropriate food habits • Restrict excessive activity • Ultimately achieve and maintain weight gain to establish setpoint

  9. Bulimia Nervosa

  10. Bulimia Health Problems • Vomiting causes most health problems • Demineralization of teeth • Drop in blood potassium • Swelling of salivary glands • Stomach ulcers and bleeding • Constipation • Ipecac syrup is toxic

  11. Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa • Decrease episodes of bingeing & purging • Psychotherapy to improve self-acceptance • Change “all-or-none” attitude about food • Correct misconceptions about food • Establish good, normal eating habits • Group therapy • Antidepressants • Long-term therapy

  12. Binge-Eating Disorder

  13. Profile of a Binge-Eater • Considers self as hungrier than normal • Isolates self to eat large quantities • Suffers from stress, depression, anxiety, loneliness, anger, frustration that can trigger binge • Uses food to reduce stress, provide feeling of power and well-being • Usually binges on “junk” foods • Eats without regard to biological need

  14. Treatment of Binge-Eating • Eat in response to hunger, not emotions • Learn to eat in moderation • Avoid restrictive diets that can intensify problems • Address hidden emotions • “Overeaters Anonymous” • Antidepressants

  15. Profile of Female Athlete Triad • Female athletes in appearance-based and endurance sports • 15% swimmers; 62% gymnasts; 32% other • 1. Disordered eating • 2. Irregular menses or ammenorrhea • 3. Osteoporosis and loss of estrogen • Bone density similar to 50-60 year olds • Bone loss is largely irreversible

  16. Bone Structure

  17. Treatment of Female Athlete Triad • Reduce preoccupation with food, weight, and body fat • Gradually increase meals and snacks • Rebuild body to healthy weight • Establish regular menses (find weight?) • Decrease training by ~10%-20% • Normal mensus is good!!!

  18. Night Eating Syndrome • Eating > 1/3 of calories after evening meal • Not feeling hungry in the morning • Need to eat to help fall asleep • Waking at night to eat • Depressed

  19. Chapter 11- eating disorders • Moral: • People who have disorder (psychological) • Will continue until organ failure (don’t think it’s a problem) • e.g. Christy Henrich, promising young gymnast • Try to get them to seek help (intervention) • RESOURCES • MY PSA for the day . . .recog. Primarily psychological issue, if feel you are close to family/ friend have problem . . . • Seek information and help

  20. Helpful Resources • Course TEXTBOOK – Wardlaw 7th Edition • Contemporary Nutrition • Academy of Eating Disorders- • www.aedweb.org • National Eating Disorders Association • www.nationaleatingdisorders.org • National Institute of Mental Health • www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/eatingdisorders.cfm • UCSC – Womens Center • http://www2.ucsc.edu/wmcenter/body.html

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